Abstract: Radiation-induced lung injury is one of the common complications of radiotherapy for thoracic cancer. Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention has achieved good therapeutic effect， which can reduce the incidence and relieve the severity of the complication. There are many clinical studies on radiation-induced lung injury， but there are a few experimental studies and lack of systematic review. By sorting out and summarizing the current experimental research literatures on the mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention on radiation-induced lung injury， this paper reviewed the four aspects of target cells， immune balance， inflammatory factors and fibrosis factors， hoping to provide the basis for the clinical treatment of radiation-induced lung injury.