Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction on the quality of life and side effects of chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery. METHODS Inpatients with colorectal cancer in the Anorectal Department， Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine were selected and single-blind randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group with 30 cases each. The control group received postoperative tumor chemotherapy and psychological intervention， and the treatment group was treated with Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. After 12 weeks of treatment， the psychological status， quality of life， levels of peripheral blood cells， immunoglobulin， inflammatory factors， and liver function damage were detected in the two groups. RESULTS After treatment， partial mental state factors， Karnofsky scores in the treatment group were improved， and better than those in the control group (P<0.05，P<0.01). Besides， the peripheral blood cell levels showed no significant change in the treatment group， better than those in the control group (P<0.05，P<0.01). The inflammatory factor levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) notably decreased (P<0.01)， better than the control group (P<0.01). The liver damage levels in the treatment group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction can improve the mental state and quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer after surgery as well as reduce the adverse effects of chemotherapy.