Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of compound Yishen Jiedu decoction on acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS 48 male rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham surgery group， renal ischemia-reperfusion group (RIR group)， Yishen jiedu decoction plus renal ischemia-reperfusion group (Drug+RIR group)， and curcumin plus renal ischemia-reperfusion group (Cur+RIR group). Blood samples were collected from the fundus vein at 24 h and 96 h after surgery to compare the serum levels of creatinine （Scr） and urea nitrogen （BUN） in each group. The renal tissues were collected 24 h after surgery， and the renal injury scores of each group were compared. NF-κB levels in Sham surgery group， RIR group and Drug+RIR group were compared. RESULTS Compared with the sham surgery group， serum Scr， BUN， and renal tubular injury scores in RIR group， Drug+RIR group and Cur+RIR group were all increased. Serum Scr， BUN and renal injury scores of the Drug+RIR group were higher than those of the Cur+RIR group， but were significantly lower than those of the RIR group (P<0.05). And compared the serum Scr and BUN of 96h affer surgery， the renal function of the Drug+RIR group recovered faster than RIR group. CONCLUSION Compound Yishen Jiedu decoction has obvious protective effect on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats， and its mechanism may be related to NF-κB related inflammatory factors.