Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic debridement combined with Xianfang Huoming Decoction in treating acute suppurative arthritis. METHODS 68 patients with acute suppurative arthritis during the hospitalization of Lianyungang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine， from March 2014 to December 2017， were randomly divided into 2 groups， 34 patients in each group. All the 68 patients were under the arthroscopic debridement treatment. The patients were lavaged and drainaged with gentamicin-containing physiological saline (80 000 U/500 mL) for 1 to 2 weeks after the operation. According to the drug sensitivity test， the sensitive antibiotics were selected for intravenous infusion for 2 weeks， and the treatment group was treated with Xianfang Huoming Decoction. The control group was only under the arthroscopic debridement treatment. Three weeks after the operation， observe the Lysholm score， pain visual analogue scale (VAS)， Judet knee flexion and functional evaluation of two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS After treatment， the Lysholm knee joint score of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The pain visual analog score (VAS) of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Judet knee flexion and function evaluation excellent rate of the treatment group (91.18%)， the excellent rate of the control group (70.59%). The treatment group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). No significant adverse reactions were observed in the two groups. CONCLUSION Arthroscopic debridement combined with Xianfang Huoming Decoction can significantly shorten the treatment course of suppurative knee arthritis， rapid recovery of joint function and high rate of excellent， which is an ideal treatment.