Abstract: Afternoon fever is the most common type of fever， but the misdiagnosis was easily made. The paper summarized the types of afternoon fever mentioned in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases， Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases and some other related classics. The paper holds that afternoon fever caused by excess of the viscera， dampness and fever， blood stasis and other pathogenic factors results in qi stagnation， which was sthenic fever. Dispelling pathogen and diffusing qi is favored in treating the sthenic afternoon fever. While the treatment of asthenic afternoon fever， based on the detailed differentiation of the deficiency and damage of viscera should be primarily nourishing yin， and concurrently dispelling pathogen.