Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the therapeutic effect of Baoshen tablet on PEW of dialysis patients and explore the mechanism of TCM. METHODS 113 patients who received maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) and met the PEW from March 2015 to June 2016 in Department of Nephrology of Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine， and met PEW's diagnosis were selected. The basic treatment was high-quality protein diet 1.0-1.2 g/(kg·d)， regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism， correcting anemia， lowering blood pressure. Diabetes patients were given insulin to control blood sugar. 61 cases of control group were treated with basic treatment and dialysis， while 52 cases of treatment group were treated with Baoshen tablet on the basis of the treatment in the control group. The triceps skin-fold thickness (TSF)， mid-arm circumference (MAC)， mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC)， improved quantitative subjective global nutrition assessment (MQSGA) score， hemoglobin (Hb)，serum albumin (ALB)， ferritin (SF)， high-sensitivity C - reactive protein (hs-CRP) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS The body mass， body mass index (BMI)， MAC， MAMC， TSF were higher than before treatment (P<0.01)， while the TSF of control group was lower than before treatment (P<0.01). The body weight， MAC， MAMC and TSF of treatment group were better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The total efficiency of treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group (86.54% vs 42.62%，P<0.01). The MQSGA scores in two groups were lower than that before treatment (P<0.01)， and the treatment group was lower than the control group (P<0.01). The levels of Hb， ALB and PA in treatment group was higher than that in control group (P<0.01)， Hs-CRP level was lower than control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Baoshen tablet has the effect of improving PEW of dialysis patients， and the therapeutic mechanism is related to the effect of this prescription on improving dialysis tolerance and sufficiency， strengthening exercise endurance， invigorating spleen to stimulate appetite， promoting blood circulation， detoxifying and alleviating micro-inflammation.