Abstract: OBJECTIVE To establish the chromatographic method of Xiefei Pingchuan Ling water decoction， and analyze its main components. METHODS The retention time of sample and standards were compared by gradient elution chromatography method. Acetonitrile-0.2% formic acid aqueous solution (gradient elution) was used as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The detection wave length was 254 nm and column temperature was 30 ℃. RESULTS 18 components were separated from Xiefei Pingchuan Ling extract， and ephedrine， pseudoephedrine hydrochloride， salvianolic acid B， rhein， aloeemodin and chrysophanol were identified. CONCLUSION The established HPLC method shows high stability and good reproducibility， and provides a basis for further study on serum pharmaceutical chemistry and structure-activity relationship.