Abstract: OBJECTIVE To study of the effect of acupuncture combined rehabilitation training on neurological deficits and endogeneous nerve stem cells in adult rats with brain ischemic injury. METHODS Rats model of middle cerebral on occlusion were established and were divided into model group，rehabilitation training group and acupuncture combined rehabilitation training group. Neurological scores， behavinnd function and the proliferation of rats nerve stem cells were detected after 24 h， 7 d， 14 d， 21 d. RESULTS There were no significant differences in three groups in Neurological scores， behavinnd function after 24 h. Significant differences were found in Neurological scores， behavinnd function after 7 d， 14 d， 21 d (P<0.05). Brdu positive cells proliferation were at the highest peak in 7 d，and there were significant increase in rehabilitation training group and acupuncture combined rehabilitation training group than model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The treatment of acupuncture combined rehabilitation training can improve Neurological scores and behavinnd function and can induce proliferation of nerve stem cells.