Abstract: OBJECTIVE The study investigates the mechanism of the inflammatory factors of the atherosclerosis' (AS) plaques of experimental rabbit models by therapy of tonifying the kidney and activating blood and dissipating phlegm， and to discuss the advantages of combination of TCM with western medicine in the treatment of AS.METHODS The study selected 40 healthy male purebred rabbits of New Zealand， 2 weeks after feeding observation adaptability， all rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups， Model Group(MG)，Traditional Chinese Medicine Group (TCMG)，West Medicine Group(WMG)， Zhong Xi Group(ZXG).After the treatment， three treatment groups' rabbits were observed on the levels of the blood lipid and lipoprotein， and five serum inflammatory factors（including Fg，hs-CRP，IL-18，MCP-1，MMP-9）.RESULTS Compared between each treatment groups， with MG， the level of the five inflammatory factors of the three treatment groups declined significantly(P<0.01).The group of ZXG was superior to the groups of TCMG and WMG in decreasing the level of five inflammatory factors(P<0.01).And compared with TCMG， the group of WMG was superior to the TCMG in decreasing the level of the hs-CRP(P<0.05)，but the other four indicators had no differences(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION The therapy of tonifying the kidney and activating blood and dissipating phlegm combined with the Atorvastatin calcium may be superior to the groups of TCMG and WMG in decreasing the levels of five inflammatory factors. We can infer that the levels of inflammatory factors may be a important element to decide plaque vulnerability.