Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of prophylactic medication Jiangzhi Pill on blood fat of atherosclerosis rats (atherosclerosis， AS) and morphological changes of arcus aortae. METHODS 72 SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: (1)Jiangzhi Pill high dose group， (2)Jiangzhi Pill middle dose group， (3)Jiangzhi Pill low dose group， (4)gynostemma pentaphylla intervention group， (5)blank group and (6)model group. The normal diet was given to the blank group and the model group was given lipid emulsion gavage. The other groups were given corresponding drug treatment while modeling. Measure the triglycerides (TC)， low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and C-reactive protein (CRP) respectively on D15， 25， 34. Lastly， the arcus aortae and liver pathology morphology was observed.RESULTS The TC， LDL-C in Jiangzhi Pill of the high， middle and low dose groups after drug administration of 15 days， 25days， 34days were significantly lower than the model group (P<0.01)， better than gynostemma pentaphylla. CRP in Jiangzhi Pill of the high， middle and low dose groups was significantly lower than those of the model group (P<0.01) and the effect of high dose group was better than gynostemma pentaphylla and the middle and low dose groups were similar to gynostemma pentaphylla. The rat weight given lipid emulsion gavage was significantly lighter. Liver index in Jiangzhi Pill of the high， middle dose groups， compared with model group， were significantly different (P<0.01). Liver fat degree: (6)>(4)>(3)=(2)>(1)>(5). The hardening situation of arcus aortae: (6)>(2)=(3)>(4)>(1)>(5).CONCLUSION Jiangzhi Pill have a antihyperlipidemic effect and can effectively prevent the occurrence of AS and fatty liver.