Abstract: OBJECTIVE To increase the accuracy rate of diagnosis of bone and joint tuberculosis and decrease misdiagnosis rate.METHOD An analysis was made with the 370 patients in our hospital diagnosed as bone and joint tuberculosis.RESULT Fifty cases were misdiagnosed,with a false positive rate of 14.5%.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of bone and joint tuberculosis should be made based on comprehensive information including symptoms,signs and result of examinations.The main cause of misdiagnosis is absence of specific clinical manifestations and relying on ancillary examinations.