蒲黄花粉微胶囊制备与性能研究

Preparation and Performance of Typhae Pollen Sporopollenin Exine Capsules

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 制备蒲黄花粉微胶囊（Sporopollenin exine capsules， SECs），评价其结构特性、生物相容性及活性物质的装载潜力，为临床应用开发提供参考。
    方法 采用脱脂与酸碱处理法制备不同类型的蒲黄SECs。测定SECs的孔隙率和吸液率，评估其内部空腔的负载容量。研究SECs的细胞黏附性、促增殖与促迁移能力。在此基础上，采用真空辅助技术装载蒲公英来源细胞外囊泡样颗粒（Extracellular vesicle-like particles， EVLPs），并优化装载条件，评估不同类型蒲黄SECs的载药量。
    结果 脱脂和化学处理均能去除蒲黄花粉胞质成分并形成中空结构，其中氢氧化钾（KOH）处理组表现出最高的孔隙率和吸液率。KOH处理组SECs能促进细胞的黏附与增殖，并增强细胞迁移。真空辅助装载实验表明，SECs能有效负载蒲公英来源EVLPs，最佳负载条件为：0.01 mbar下真空5 min、蒲公英EVLPs浓度5×109 mL-1、花粉干质量与蒲公英EVLPs体积比为50 mg∶1 mL。不同类型的蒲黄SECs载药量以5%KOH处理组SECs最佳，载药量为1.34×109 mg-1。
    结论 化学处理能改善蒲黄SECs的内部介孔结构，并表现出促细胞增殖和迁移活性，其良好的负载能力为药物递送领域的应用提供了基础。

     

    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE To prepare sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) from Typhae pollen, evaluate their structural characteristics, biocompatibility, and loading potential for bioactive substances, and provide a reference for their potential clinical applications.
    METHODS Different types of Typhae pollen SECs were prepared through defatting and acid/alkali treatments. The porosity and liquid absorption rate of the SECs were determined to evaluate the loading capacity of their internal cavities. The cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration-promoting abilities of the SECs were investigated. On this basis, dandelion-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles (EVLPs) were loaded into SECs using a vacuum-assisted technique. The loading conditions were optimized, and the loading capacities of different SECs were subsequently evaluated.
    RESULTS All chemical treatments effectively removed the cytoplasmic components of Typhae pollen and formed hollow structures, among which the KOH-treated SECs exhibited the highest porosity and liquid absorption rate. The KOH-treated SECs promoted cell adhesion and proliferation and enhanced cell migration. The vacuum-assisted loading experiments demonstrated that SECs could efficiently encapsulate dandelion-derived EVLPs. The optimal loading conditions were as follows: vacuum at 0.01 mbar for 5 min, EVLP concentration of 5×109 mL-1, and a pollen(dry weight)-to-EVLP volume ratio of 50 mg∶1 mL. Among different SEC types, the 5% KOH-treated SECs exhibited the highest loading capacity, reaching 1.34 × 109 mg-1.
    CONCLUSION Chemical treatment improves the mesoporous internal structure of Typha pollen SECs and endows them with cell proliferation and migration promoting activities. Their excellent loading capacity provides a solid foundation for applications in drug delivery systems.

     

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