Abstract: Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children worldwide, and research on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in its prevention and treatment has achieved remarkable results in recent years. This paper systematically summarizes the etiology and pathogenesis of pediatric asthma, as well as the core progress in TCM standardization construction, clinical research, basic research, and translational application in this field. Based on the current status and challenges of TCM in the prevention and treatment of pediatric asthma, future development strategies are proposed to provide reference and direction for further in-depth exploration of TCM in the prevention and treatment of pediatric asthma.