《黄帝内经》气味配伍理论探析

Analysis of Qi-Flavor Compatibility Theory in The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic

  • 摘要: 气味配伍理论肇始于《黄帝内经》,该理论架构于运气学说之上,以气为核心,从人体内外环境的气化失衡对疾病进行认识;将四气、五味理论结合,从寒热、盛衰两个方面共同对自然、人体的气化进行调节;强调“谨候气宜,无失病机”,根据运气盛衰与气候寒温,针对脏气虚实与病性寒热,运用药食气味抵御气候失常对人体的侵害,并调整五脏气化,使人体恢复至气机调和、阴阳平衡的状态。阴阳失调是疾病发生的根源,寒热为其表象,以四气平之;盛衰为其根源,以五味补泻。四气与五味的结合实质上是对人体阴阳失衡的多方面调整,而多种气味间的相互配伍,则能扩大药物的作用范围,制约药物的气味偏颇,做到祛邪与扶正并举。

     

    Abstract: The qi-flavor compatibility theory originated from The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic. This theory is based on yunqi theory, with qi as the core, and recognizes diseases from the imbalance of qi transformation in the internal and external environment of the human body; it combines four-qi and five-flavor theories, and jointly regulates the qi transformation of nature and the human body from the aspects of cold and heat and prosperity and decline; it emphasizes "carefully observing the qi rules and not missing the pathogenesis", and according to the prosperity and decline of yunqi and the cold and warm of the climate, the deficiency and excess of the viscus qi and the cold and heat of the disease, the flavor of medicine and food is used to resist the invasion of abnormal climate on the human body, and adjust the qi transformation of the five internal viscera, so that the human body can be restored to a state of qi activity harmony and yin and yang balance. The imbalance of yin and yang is the root cause of disease, with cold and heat as its manifestations, which are balanced by the four qi; prosperity and decline are the root causes, which are nourished and purged by the five flavors. The combination of four qi and the five flavors is essentially a multi-faceted adjustment of the imbalance of yin and yang in the human body. The mutual compatibility of multiple flavors can expand the scope of action of the drug, restrict the bias of the drug's flavor, and achieve both expelling evil and strengthening the body.

     

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