OBJECTIVE To explore the functional substance basis of Jinhong Tablet in the treatment of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG).

METHODS Three different models were constructed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, functional material basis of Jinhong Tablet: inflammatory model in human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-induced inflammatory model in mouse gastric organoids, and ethanol-induced oxidative damage model in GES-1 cells. MTS assay was performed to detect cell proliferation activity; qPCR was applied to measure the relative mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in cells and gastric organoids; and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells were detected.

RESULTS Jinhong Tablet and 10 functional components significantly reduced the relative expression of inflammation-related genes TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in LPS-induced GES-1 cells and gastric organoids, suggesting that these 10 components are the functional substance basis for the anti-inflammatory effects of Jin Hong Tablet. Jin Hong Tablet and 11 functional components markedly decreased the levels of MDA and ROS and increased the activity of SOD, indicating that these 11 components were the functional substance basis of the antioxidant effects of Jinhong Tablet.

CONCLUSION Through in vitro cell and gastric organoid experiments, it has been preliminarily determined that allocryptopine, corydaline, dehydrocorydaline, palmatine hydrochloride, chlorogenic acid, costunolide, rutin, quercitrin, dehydrocostus lactone, tetrahydrocoptisine, isochlorogenic acid B, toosendanin, protopine, and quercetin are the functional material basis of Jinhong Tablet in treating CSG, accumulating scientific evidence for the enhancement of the quality standards of Jinhong Tablet.