Abstract: With the frequent occurrence of respiratory viral infectious diseases, global public health is facing major challenges, and finding effective prevention and treatment methods has become a top priority. As an important part of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine has shown unique advantages in antiviral treatment. This article aims to review the modern scientific research progress of Chinese medicine against respiratory viral infectious diseases, explore its advantages in clinical application and how to deeply understand the scientific connotation of Chinese medicine intervention in the whole-life cycle of viruses through multidisciplinary cross-integration, and systematically analyze the research strategy of the antiviral infection mechanism of Chinese medicine compound. It provides a reference for the reserve of candidate Chinese medicine for future prevention and control of virus safety risks, which is of great significance for effectively supporting the prevention, control and treatment of new and emerging viral infectious diseases in China.