Abstract: Tiepishihu (Dendrobii officinalis Caulis) is a medicinal and food source herbal medicine with the effect of benefiting stomach and promoting fluid, nourishing Yin and clearing heat. It has rich chemical components and pharmacological activities, with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, blood press regulation, hypoglycemic effects. It is not only used as medicinal food and health care products, but also widely used in medicine, such as Shihu Yeguang Wan, Compound fresh dendrobium granules and other drugs, with high medicinal and economic value. This paper summarized the resource distribution, chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and medicine and food of Dendrobii officinalis Caulis, and analyzed its application status, laying a theoretical foundation for the sustainable development, medicinal and food homologous development and comprehensive utilization of Dendrobii officinalis Caulis.