Abstract: Houpu Mahuang Decoction, from the Essentials from the golden cabinet, is a commonly used prescription for respiratory diseases. In recent years, research on the pharmacology and mechanism of action of Houpu Mahuang Decoction has received some attention. It has been found that Houpu Mahuang Decoction plays a protective role in chronic airway diseases by inhibiting airway inflammation, relieving asthma, regulating immunity, and protecting airway barriers. Based on this, it is proposed to strengthen research on material basis, establish quality standards and material benchmarks, explore in-depth mechanisms, reveal the scientific connotation of drug efficacy, improve the quality of clinical research evidence, establish clinical prediction models, and other aspects in the future. This will provide a basis for the research and development of prescription formulations and new drugs, in order to better return to clinical practice, serve clinical practice, and promote the modernization and internationalization of TCM.