Abstract: Skeleton and skeletal muscle cross talk with each other through various channels, and together form the largest biological movement tissue of the body, the musculoskeletal system. Irisin is a kind of hormone-like muscle factor mediated by exercise, which has dual functions of simultaneously regulating muscle regeneration and bone homeostasis. Based on the theories of "equal emphasis on sinews and bones" and "same treatment for different diseases ", this study explores the dual therapeutic effects of irisin on musculoskeletal decay lesions from the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, in order to provide new directions for basic research and clinical prevention and treatment of muscle and bone comorbidities.