Abstract: Exosomal lncRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, and can affect the process of colorectal cancer by inducing immune escape, driving epithelial-mesenchymal transition, increasing resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapy, and promoting angiogenesis. Ancient and modern doctors believe that the basic pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is based on the deficiency of the standard of the real, the original deficiency is the deficiency of righteous qi, and the standard of the real is caused by the interaction of pathological factors such as phlegm, dampness, heat, toxin, and blood stasis. The occurrence and development of rectal cancer are highly consistent with the understanding of the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer in traditional Chinese medicine. This article combs the mechanism of exosomal lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer in recent years and the research of traditional Chinese medicine intervention, and provides ideas for future research on the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.