Abstract: Marine traditional Chinese medicine refers to the drugs derived from the ocean for the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of diseases under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory, and is an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine. Mussels are an important economic shellfish in our country, and they are also a kind of marine traditional Chinese medicine, with the effect of nourishing the liver and kidney, nourishing Yin and wind, nourishing blood and regulating menstruation, benefiting essence and filling marrow, softening hardness and dispersing knots, stopping bleeding and diarrhea. In this paper, based on the research on the separation and purification of protein and peptide components rich in mussels, the effect mechanism, the application of new technologies and methods, etc., the active peptide components of mussels discovered in recent years are sorted out, and it is proposed to combine modern pharmacological research with traditional efficacy correlation to discover mussel active peptides. The research will provide an outlook on the development and application of mussel resources in terms of mussel resource investigation and quality evaluation, development of mussel resources based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and resource recycling concept, breakthrough in key technologies for comprehensive utilization of mussel resources, and cooperation between industry, academia, research and application to promote the industrialization of comprehensive utilization of mussel resources, providing ideas and references for comprehensive utilization of mussel resources and product development, and promoting high-quality, green and sustainable development of mussel resources.