Abstract: Based on the original theory of "heart-kidney-uterus axis", Professor Xia Guicheng, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, further proposed the theory of "heart-kidney-liver-spleen-uterus axis". It is believed that imbalance of the "heart-kidney-liver-spleen-uterus axis" is the main cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion. Specifically, the non-interaction between the heart and the kidney is the central link; the disorder of the ascending-descending movement of qi and blood from the liver and spleen is a vital influencing factor; the liver and spleen play an important mediating role in the interactions between the heart and kidney. Therefore, the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion should be mainly based on regulating the "heart-kidney-liver-spleen-uterus axis", combined with treating the heart and kidney comprehensively as well as regulating the liver and spleen together. In addition, it is also important to follow the female physiological cycle for menstrual period regulation, through focusing on both prevention and treatment to obtain notable clinical efficacy.