Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world with rising incidence. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound extracted from turmeric, a plant of Zingiberaceae, has very extensive biological activities. A large number of studies have confirmed that curcumin showed good antiatheroscloresis, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and other pharmacological activities. It has a significant effect on a variety of metabolic diseases such as NAFLD, obesity, insulin resistance and so on. Therefore, curcumin has important clinical value and broad application prospects. This paper summarized the potential mechanisms of curcumin in the treatment of NAFLD, aiming to provide reference for the treatment of metabolic diseases, and to promote its possible clinical application in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD and other lipid metabolism related diseases.