Abstract: Based on Ye Tianshi's theory of collateral disease, professor Zhou Zhongying explored the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, held that the kidney and blood deficiency, and collaterals empty were the pathological basis, and collaterals obstruction was the main cause. The pathological nature pertained to root deficiency and branch excess. On this basis, professor Zhou Zhongying proposed the therapeutic principle of tonifying the deficiency, filling the collaterals, unblocking the collaterals, and applied three treatment methods of tonifying the deficiency and unblocking the collaterals, prescribing pungent medicinal to unblock the collaterals, using insects to scatter wind and unblock the collaterals. In addition, he prescribed self-made Gubi formula and obtained significant clinical effects.