Abstract: Hematologic malignancies are characterized by complex pathogenesis and present significant challenges in clinical differentiation and treatment. Based on long-term clinical practice, the National traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Master, Zhou Zhongying, has proposed that these disorders commonly arise from the interplay of pathological factors such as toxin, blood stasis, and heat. The core pathogenesis is characterized by toxin-stasis intermingling and the interaction of stasis and heat. He emphasizes syndrome differentiation according to pathological factors and disease stages, and advocates treatment strategies featuring anticancer detoxification, cooling the blood and resolving stasis, eliminating stasis and resolving phlegm, as well as supplementing qi and nourishing yin. By integrating multiple therapeutic methods and employing compound formula strategies, disease progression can be effectively controlled. This approach provides a novel perspective for the treatment of hematologic malignancies with TCM and offers valuable reference for the clinical treatment of hematologic diseases.