Methanol Extract of Zizyphi Spinosi Semen Increases the REM Sleep of Daytime Associated Modulation Mechanism
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether methanol extract of Zizyphi Spinosi Semen (MEZSS) has hypnotic effects through the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic systems.METHODS The hypnotic effects of MEZSS were measured with electroencephalogram (EEG) activity in rats. Additionally, the chloride influx was estimated in primary cultured cerebellar granule cells with treatments of MEZSS or pentobarbital. On 1st day of treatments of MEZSS and diazepam, the GABAA receptor subunits and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) expression was determined in hypothalamus in rat and cerebellar granule cells.RESULTS During daytime, MEZSS increased the rapid eyemove (REM) sleep and the EEG θ-wave activity. In addition, both of MEZSS and pentobarbital increased chloride influx. MEZSS significantly increased GABAA receptors γ-subunit expression and had no effect on the expression of α- and β- subunits. In addition, MEZSS enhanced expression of GAD, but pentobarbital did not.CONCLUSION SMEZSS increases the REM sleep behaviors through the modification of GABAergic systems.
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