The Mechanism of Gongfa Static Training Regulating Mitophagy in Skeletal Muscle of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Mice via the PINK1/Parkin Pathway

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism by which Gongfa Static Training regulates mitophagy through the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin pathway in skeletal muscle insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODS T2DM mouse model was established using a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection. Mice were randomly divided into a model group, a metformin group, an aerobic exercise group, and a Gongfa Static Training group. The intervention effects of Gongfa Static Training were evaluated by measuring fasting blood glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid metabolism indicators, mitochondrial function in the gastrocnemius muscle, and the expression of PINK1 and Parkin-related genes and proteins.

RESULTS Gongfa Static Training significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and insulin resistance index in T2DM mice, improved lipid metabolism, and enhanced insulin sensitivity. It improved the structure and function of mitochondria in the gastrocnemius muscle by upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of PINK1 and Parkin.

CONCLUSION Gongfa Static Training improves mitochondrial function and insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle of T2DM mice by regulating the PINK1/Parkin pathway.