Rapid Identification and Odor Differential Markers of Distinct Origin-Derived Lycium barbarum L. Based on Ultra-Fast Gas Phase Electronic Nose

  OBJECTIVE  To identify origin-derived Lycium barbarum L. and its odor differential markers via detecting odors.

  METHODS  The Lycium barbarum L. selected from five distinct origins (Gansu, Neimenggu, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Qinghai) was detected based on ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose, and the odor fingerprint was subsequently built. Thirteen shared odor peaks were identified through AroChemBase. The discriminant models of discriminant facor analysis (DFA), convolutional neural networks (CNN), principal component analysis (PCA) combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to analyze data. The differential components of distinct origin-derived Lycium barbarum L. were analyzed based on variable importance in projection (VIP).

  RESULTS  The 56 batches of Lycium barbarum L. from distinct origins were distinguished. Besides, peak 8 (hexanal) and peak 9 (furfural) were found as the main differential components of the five distinct origin-derived Lycium barbarum L. through variable importance in projection (VIP). The content of hexanal was Neimenggu>Gansu>Ningxia>Xinjiang>Qinghai, and the content of furfural was Gansu>Xinjiang>Ningxia>Qinghai>Neimenggu.

  CONCLUSION  This study found that the odor characteristic and differential markers of Lycium barbarum L. could be analyzed through Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose, providing references for choosing and utilizing Lycium barbarum L. from different origins comprehensively.