Abstract: As a traditional Miao medicine， Penthorum Chinese has a long history of use in the folk society. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Penthorum Chinese has antioxidant， anti-hepatitis virus， protection against alcohol/non-alcoholic liver damage and choleretic effects. Through modern analysis techniques， it has been found that the herb contains a variety of chemical components， including flavonoids， lignin， coumarin， acetophenone， tannins and triterpenes. This paper reviews the active ingredients and pharmacological properties of Penthorum Chinese， then studies the relationship between them， and preliminary establish penchinone B as the Q-marker， which provide reference for the resource development and utilization of Penthorum Chinese.