2021 Vol. 37, No. 4

column
  Previous Issue | Next Issue 
Display Method:
Identifying the Monarch Medicine in Formulas
LI Fei
2021, 37(4): 481-484. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0481
[Abstract](453) [FullText HTML] (250) [PDF 1832KB](261)
Abstract:
The theory of the monarch, minister, assistant, and guide is the core content of formula theory, and it is of great significance for the study of compatibility law of formulas. By conducting research on the literature related to the theory of the monarch, minister, assistant, and guide, the compatibility and effects of monarch medicines in representative formulas were analyzed. It is believed that the theory of the monarch, minister, assistant, and guide applied in formulas in The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine is not the same as that of herbal medicine mentioned in Shen Nong's Classic of the Materia Medica. In addition, the law of priority, subordination as well as correlation in the theory of the monarch, minister, assistant, and guide applied in formulas is analogous to the rule of ancient forms of government, but not equal to the concept of state in feudal society. The monarch medicine of a formula is determined under the premise that "the medicine in a formula having the leading action in treatment is called monarch", logically followed by the complement that "medicine with potent action in the treatment is called monarch".
Microbiota and Metabolomics Study of Vaginal Lavage Fluid in Patients with Persistent HR-HPV Infection with Dampness-Heat Syndrome
SHEN Su, ZHAO Shi-xian, REN Qing-ling
2021, 37(4): 485-490. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0485
[Abstract](373) [FullText HTML] (61) [PDF 2354KB](185)
Abstract:
  OBJECTIVE  To search for differential metabolites and potential metabolic pathways, and to reveal the relationship between continuous HR-HPV infection with vaginal microecological imbalance and TCM damp-heat syndrome with different degress of cervical lesions, the vaginal lavage fluid of patients who have continuous HR-HPV infection in the different degrees of cervical lesions with damp-heat syndrome is analyzed by metabolomics and 16S rDNA.  METHODS  A total of 156 patients with HR-HPV persistent infection who were admitted to gynecology department of Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to July 2020 were selected. Vaginal lavage fluid was collected for 16S rDNA gene sequencing and GC-MS metabolomics analysis.  RESULTS  164 known metabolites were detected in Vaginal lavage, HSIL group showed significant difference from other groups secretion metabolic model, and found that the contents of taurine, guanine, uric acid and other metabolites were significantly different in patients with HR-HPV persistent dampness and damp-heat down type with different degrees of cervical lesions, which may be involved in a total of 7 metabolic pathways.  CONCLUSION  Vaginal lavage fluid is easy to obtain and non-invasive, and has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool to assist in the diagnosis of HPV pathogenesis and SIL progression, and has a great promoting effect on the prevention of cervical cancer. With the progress of cervical lesions, the abundance of mirabilis, ciliates and other miscellaneous bacteria increases, while the abundance of Streptococcus decreases. Taurine, guanine, uric acid and other metabolites are associated with the activation of the human immune system. The cervix vaginal flora may play a significant role in the activation of inflammation and the immune system by regulating the synthesis and decomposition of amino acids, esters, purines and lipids. The metabolic characteristics of amino acids, purines and lipids in patients with persistent HR-HPV infection can be changed by Damp-heat down type.
Clinical Efficacy of Shao's Five-Needle Methods Combined with Speech Rehabilitation Training on Patients with Post-Stroke Motor Aphasia
LI Hong-zhang, LI Yan-jie, QIN He-wei, SUN Ying-hao, ZHAO Miao-yin, BIAN Hong-en, QIN Xiao-yan
2021, 37(4): 491-496. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0491
[Abstract](309) [FullText HTML] (41) [PDF 1175KB](153)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To explore the clinical efficacy of Shao's five-needle methods combined with speech rehabilitation training in the treatment of post-stroke motor aphasia and its possible mechanism of action.METHODS  A total of 100 patients with post-stroke motor aphasia who were hospitalized in the rehabilitation department of Henan Province Hospital of TCM from September 2017 to June 2019 were selected and divided into observation group and control group by random number table. Both groups were given the same conventional medical treatment and speech rehabilitation training, while the observation group was treated with an extra Shao's five-needle method. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated at the end of the total treatment course, and the adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded. The aphasia test and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were used before and after treatment. The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels were measured by ELISA, and the mean velocity (Vm) of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries were measured by transcranial doppler sonography.RESULTS  After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group, which was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Besides, comprehension, repetition, naming and spontaneous talk scores were significantly increased in both groups (P < 0.01), but the increase was more significant in the observation group (P < 0.01). The NIHSS scores were significantly decreased in the observation group than in the control group during the same period after 1 and 2 sessions of the treatment (P < 0.01). In addition, serum concentration of CGRP was significantly increased (P < 0.01) and ET-1 at serum level was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in both groups, and the results in the observation group were better than the control group (P < 0.01). Vm of anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries was significantly accelerated in the 2 groups (P < 0.01), and the improvement was more significant in the observation group (P < 0.01). In the end of treatment, no significant side effects were observed in all subjects.CONCLUSION  Shao's five-needle method combined with speech rehabilitation training can safely and effectively improve linguistic function and neurological function in patients with post-stroke motor aphasia, and its mechanism of action may be related to the upregulation of serum CGRP, downregulation of serum ET-1 and improvement of cerebral blood flow.
Efficacy of Eye Acupuncture Combined with Electroacupuncture and Motor Function Training in Patients with Ischemic Stroke Hemiplegia and Study in Their Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
TIAN Miao, LI Hua, CHEN Bin, YOU Fang, XU Ji, LI Shi-lin
2021, 37(4): 497-502. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0497
[Abstract](318) [FullText HTML] (42) [PDF 1178KB](154)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To investigate the efficacy of eye acupuncture combined with electroacupuncture and motor function training in patients with ischemic stroke hemiplegia and the characteristic changes of their magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging.METHODS  180 patients with ischemic stroke hemiplegia admitted to 3201 Hospital from March 2018 to March 2020 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group with 90 cases each in accordance with the random number table. The control group used electroacupuncture together with motor function training while the observation group used eye acupuncture and electroacupuncture combined with motor function training. In this study, we observed the clinical efficacy, hemodynamic indexes, activity of daily living, defect severity of neural function, motor function, living quality and nerve conduction function in the two groups.RESULTS  After treatment, the total effective rate and the total effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The levels of plasma viscosity, fibrinogen (FIB), and hematocrit (HCT) were significantly reduced in the two groups (P < 0.01), which in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The scores of Barthel index, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment Scale (FMA) were significantly increased (P < 0.01) while the score of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in the two groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.01), which in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.01). The FA values of the posterior limb of internal capsule and the region of pedunculus cerebri were significantly increased in the two groups (P < 0.01), which in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The scores of each index in the Quality of Life Scale (SF-36) were significantly increased in the two groups (P < 0.01), which in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION  The combination of electroacupuncture and motor function training combined with eye acupuncture in the treatment of ischemic stroke hemiplegia can effectively relieve patients' symptoms, reduce the degree of nerve injury, improve blood circulation, as well as enhance the motor function and the activities of daily living function.
Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis with Syndrome of Spleen Deficiency and Stasis Obstruction by Shenqi Taohong Decoction and Its Mechanism
TAO Ming-hao, DAI Yan-miao, LU Xi-rong, YANG Wei, XUE Bo-yu
2021, 37(4): 503-507. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0503
[Abstract](334) [FullText HTML] (32) [PDF 1160KB](220)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To study the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Taohong decoction in treating chronic atrophic gastritis with syndrome of spleen deficiency and stasis obstruction.METHODS  From January 2018 to June 2019, a total of 80 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis identified as spleen deficiency and stasis obstruction syndrome were selected from the Department of Spleen, Stomach, Liver and Gallbladder, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, and randomly divided into treatment group and control group according to random number table (40 cases in each group). The treatment group received Shenqi Taohong decoction orally, while the control group received Wei Fuchun Tablets orally. Both groups were treated continuously for 12 weeks. The Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)syndrome score, the degree of gastric mucosal atrophy, and the expression levels of Trefoil factor2 (TFF2) and Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in gastric mucosa were observed before and after treatment.RESULTS  After treatment, the TCM syndrome score, the degree of gastric mucosal atrophy spreading staging and pathological integral in the 2 groups were significantly improved (P < 0.01), but the treatment group was better than the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In addition, the expression levels of TFF2 in the gastric mucosa were increased and the expression levels of NF-κB were decreased in the 2 groups (P < 0.01), but the treatment group was better than the control group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION  Shenqi Taohong decoction can effectively improve the main TCM syndromes, gastroscopic results, and pathological manifestations of chronic atrophic gastritis in the syndrome of spleen deficiency and stasis obstruction, and its mechanism may be related to increasing TFF2 expression levels and decreasing NF-κB expression levels in gastric mucosa to promote repair of damaged gastric mucosa and reduce atrophy and intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa.
Ligustilide Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in RAW264.7 Cells and Its Mechanism Related by GPER
CUI Jie, LI Meng-yu, LIU Yu-tong, MAO Hong-yun, LIN Zi-wei, YANG Fei, HUA Yong-qing
2021, 37(4): 514-520. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0514
[Abstract](287) [FullText HTML] (142) [PDF 1979KB](211)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To observe the effect of ligustilide (LIG) on the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), and to explore the mechanism from the perspective of G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER).METHODS  RAW264.7 cells were cultured in vitro and osteoclast-like cells differentiation were induced by RANKL. Osteoclast formation and differentiation were identified by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and TRAP enzyme activity. Expressions of GPER and osteoclast differentiation related marker genes were observed by qPCR. GPER protein was assessed by Western blot. The GPER specific antagonist G36 was utilized to detect the effect of LIG on osteoclast differentiation through TRAP staining, TRAP enzyme activity, qPCR and phalloidin staining.RESULTS  TRAP enzyme activity of LIG (10 μmol/L) group was much lower than that of RANKL group (P < 0.01). TRAP staining showed that the number of TRAP positive cells of LIG group was smaller than that of RANKL group (P < 0.001). The qPCR results showed that the expressions of DC-STAMP, NFATc1, CTSK and RANK mRNA of LIG group were significantly lower than those of RANKL group (P < 0.05, P < 0.001), and the expression of GPER mRNA was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.001). Western blot showed that the expression of GPER protein of LIG group was higher than that of RANKL group (P < 0.001). After the treatment with G36, the effect of LIG on osteoclast-like cells differentiation were attenuated, the number of TRAP positive cells increased (P < 0.01), TRAP enzyme activity was enhanced (P < 0.05) and the mRNA expressions of DC-STAMP, NFATc1, CTSK and RANK significantly increased (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION  LIG can promote the expression of GPER, reduce the expression of RANK and downstream transcription factor NFATc1 in RANKL induced osteoclast, which may be one of the mechanisms involved in LIG suppressing osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.
To Explore the Effect of Qing'e Pills on Anti-Osteoporosis Based on Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
XIE Hui, LIN Shang-yang, HUA Zheng-ying, GUO Meng-yu, YU Yin-ting, LI Wei-dong
2021, 37(4): 521-528. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0521
[Abstract](319) [FullText HTML] (43) [PDF 2121KB](263)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To explore the effect of the intestinal flora transplantation in rats on osteoporosis, and to explore the metabolization of the main chemical components in Qing'e pills raw and salt products by rats intestinal flora.METHODS  36 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, Xianling Gubao capsule treatment group (positive drug group), Qing'e pills raw product fecal bacteria transplantation treatment group (Qing'e pills raw product transplantation group), Qing'e pills salt fecal bacteria transplantation treatment group (Qing'e pills salt transplantation group) and probiotics group. A rat model of osteoporosis was prepared by removing both ovaries. The Qing'e pills raw product transplantation group and the Qing'e pills salt transplantation group were given 2 mL per 100 g (body weigh) of fecal bacteria solution 6 weeks after the model was established. The control group and the model group were given equal volumes of normal saline, and the probiotic group was given 1 mL of lactobacillus liquid prepared. After 8 weeks of administration, the bone mineral density (BMD) of rats was measured by Micro-CT; the serum estradiol (E2), osteocalcin (BGP), alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and anti-tartaric acid were measured by ELISA method. The content of acid phosphatase (TRAP); the three-point bending test method was used to detect the changes in rat femur mechanics; ELISA method was used to detect the levels of IL-17, IL-6 and TNF-α in the rat serum; GC-MS was used The technique measures the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in the intestinal contents of the rat ileum. In vitro, Qing'e pills and salt products were incubated with rat intestinal flora. UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to detect and analyze the prototypes and metabolites of the main components of Qing'e pills in the co-incubated samples. Speculate its metabolic pathway.RESULTS  Compared with the sham operation group, rats in the osteoporosis model group showed decreased BMD (P < 0.001), decreased E2 level (P < 0.001), increased BGP, BAP, and TRAP levels(P < 0.001), decreased maximum load, maximum deflection and stiffness in bone mechanical parameters (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001), and increased IL-17, IL-6 and TNF-α (P < 0.001), and decreased the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in the ileum and intestinal contents (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). After intervention treatment of fecal bacteria transplantation group, compared with model group, the above indicators all changed to different degrees, tending to the level of sham operation group, but there was no significant difference between Qing'e pills raw product transplantation group and salt transplantation group. In vitro Qing'e pills raw materials, salt products and rat intestinal flora co-incubation samples were tested and 14 metabolites were produced from the four main prototype components found in Qing'e pills prescription produced by the intestinal flora, of which the main metabolites were intestinal diol, intestinal fat, psoralen and isopsoralen. There was no difference between the metabolites of Qing'e pills raw and salt products.CONCLUSION  Qing'e pills can reduce the production of inflammatory factors in the rat serum through the intestinal flora, increase the content of short-chain fatty acids in the rat's intestine, and improve the osteoporosis of rats. The rat's intestinal flora can affect the metabolism of certain main ingredients in Qing'e pills prescription. Intestinal flora is the target of Qing'e pills in the treatment of osteoporosis. The interaction between Qing'e pills and intestinal flora may be one of the mechanisms by which Qing'e pills can improve osteoporosis.
Effect of Shenfu Injection on Vascular Endothelial Injury Induced by Oxidative Stress and Related Signal Transduction Pathway
CHEN Rui-juan, WU Jian, TIAN Fang, KONG Xiang-qing, RUI Qing-lin
2021, 37(4): 529-534. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0529
[Abstract](217) [FullText HTML] (22) [PDF 1659KB](137)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To explore the effect of Shenfu injection on vascular endothelial injury induced by oxidative stress and related signal transduction pathway.METHODS  Human umbilical vein endothelial cells ECV304 were cultured. The concentration of H2O2 for modeling and Shenfu injection for intervening were determined by methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) assay. The intracellular reactive oxygen species level was detected by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe. Cell apoptosis was measured by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to determine the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 (C-Caspase-3), ERK, p-ERK, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins.RESULTS  H2O2 induced ECV304 vascular endothelial cell death in a dose-dependent manner. The content of ROS was promoted by H2O2, which could be antagonized by Shenfu injection. Compared with the control group, H2O2 could increase the apoptosis of ECV304 cell, promote the activation of ERK and Caspase-3, and decrease Bcl-2/Bax. Shenfu injection or NAC could reduce H2O2-induced ECV304 vascular endothelial cell apoptosis, inhibit the activation of ERK and Caspase-3, and up-regulate Bcl-2/Bax (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION  Shenfu injection can reduce H2O2-induced ECV304 cell apoptosis by decreasing the phosphorylation of ERK, activating Caspase-3, and up-regulating Bcl-2/Bax.
Effects of PAP-1 on Atherosclerosis and Cardioprotection in Rats
MIAO Yu-ying, DAI Yu-chen, SANG Ming, SHEN Yue-hong, SHEN Xu, CAO Peng, ZHOU Qian
2021, 37(4): 535-541. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0535
[Abstract](371) [FullText HTML] (78) [PDF 1914KB](147)
Abstract:
  OBJECTIVE  To explore the effect of 5-(4-phenoxybutoxy) psoralen (PAP-1) on atherosclerosis (AS) and cardioprotection in rats.  METHODS  The AS model was established in rats, and the rats were randomly divided into control, model, PAP-1 and AV groups. HE staining was used to observe the carotid artery morphology. Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of MSR1 and ABCA1. Serum total cholesterol (CHO) was determined by COD-PAP enzymatic method. ELISA method was used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. The cardiomyocyte areas were evaluated by WGA staining. Vevo 3100 doppler echocardiography was used to observe ventricular ultrasound images and calculate cardiac function. The levels of cardiomyocyte fibrosis and collagen deposition were detected by Masson and immunohistochemical staining.  RESULTS  PAP-1 intervention reduced the levels of serum CHO and inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. PAP-1 reversed the protein expressions of MSR1 and ABCA1. PAP-1 inhibited cardiac enlargement and structural remodeling, and reduced cardiomyocyte fibrosis accumulation.  CONCLUSION  PAP-1 has a certain role in AS rats, which may be related to the regulation of the expression of MSR1 and ABCA1 and reduction of serum CHO. PAP-1 also has a cardioprotection effect on AS rats via alleviation of cardiac structure enlargement, function disorder and fibrosis.
Effect of Zhu Lian's Type Ⅱ Inhibition Needling Technique on IRS-1 and IRS-2 Protein Expression on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Combined with Insulin Resistance Model
ZHAO Xiao-jun, HUANG Li-lin, MAI Wei, HE Cai, FAN Yu-shan
2021, 37(4): 542-547. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0542
[Abstract](221) [FullText HTML] (35) [PDF 2163KB](133)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To explore the effect and mechanism of Zhu Lian's type Ⅱ inhibition needling technique on regulating polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) in rats.METHODS  40 female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, acupuncture group and medication group, with 10 rats in each group. The acupuncture group were given "Guanyuan" (CV4) and bilateral "guilai" (ST29), "Zusanli" (ST36), "Sanyinjiao" (SP6), and "Fenglong" (ST40) points by Zhu Lian's type Ⅱ inhibition needling technique for 30 min, once a day for 28 d. The medication group was given ethinylestradiol cyproterone of 0.18 mg/(kg·d) and metformin of 135 mg/(kg·d) by gavage, once a day for 28 d. HE staining was used to observe the changes of ovarian tissue. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured by tail cutting method. Fasting insulin (FINS) was measured by ELISA, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The protein expressions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 in ovarian tissue were detected by Western blot.RESULTS  Immunohistochemistry result showed that IRS-1 and IRS-2 proteins were expressed in ovarian interstitial cells, granulosa cells and primary oocytes. Compared with the control group, the ovaries in the model group showed polycystic changes, with more preantral follicles, and the number of granulosa cells in the model group was less than that in the control group, and FINS content and HOMA-IR in the model group significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the protein expressions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 in ovarian tissue significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the preantral follicles and antral follicles were observed in the acupuncture group and medication (metformin) groups, the number of preantral follicles was less than that of the model group, the number of granulosa cell layers increased, the morphology was more complete, and the arrangement was orderly; FINS content and HOMA-IR significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the expressions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 protein in ovarian tissue significantly increased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between acupuncture group and western medicine group.CONCLUSION  Zhu Lian's type Ⅱ inhibition needling technique can improve IR in PCOS rats, which may be related to the benign regulation of IRS-1 and IRS-2 protein expressions in ovarian tissue.
HPLC Fingerprint Analysis and Multiple Ingredients Determination of Sanse Powder Gel Paste
YANG Nan, LIU Zi-xiu, MAO Jun, ZHANG Li, LIAO Tai-yang, WANG Pei-min, ZHANG Nong-shan
2021, 37(4): 548-553. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0548
[Abstract](278) [FullText HTML] (47) [PDF 1412KB](149)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To develop a HPLC method for the figerprint analysis and multiple ingredients determination of Sanse powder gel paste and provide a basis for the quality control.METHODS  HPLC analysis was performed on a Hypersil Gold C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid at a fow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 240 nm and the column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The sample volume was 20 μL, and the HPLC fingerprints of Sanse powder gel paste were established. Similarity evaluation of 10 batches of Sanse powder gel paste were evaluated by using "The similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine" (2012A Version). The content of the 12 components were determined by the external standard method and mixed control solution.RESULTS  The HPLC fingerprints of Sanse powder gel paste were established under the selected chromatographic conditions, and a total of 16 common peaks were calibrated. 12 components were identified by standard comparison, and the similarity of the 10 batches of Sanse powder gel paste ranged from 0.943 to 0.994. The 12 components were all showed good linearity in a certain concentration range with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.999 1. The average recoveries were between 95.35% and 99.43% with the RSD less than 3%. The contents of 12 substances in 10 batches of preparations were basically the same.CONCLUSION  The HPLC fingerprinting method and assay are reproducible, stable and reliable for the quality control of Sanse powder gel paste.
UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS Combined with Network Pharmacology to Explore the Mechanism of Platycodon Grandiflorum in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
WANG Xuan, XU Wei-chen, LUO Zi-chen, XU Yong, SHI Chen, XIE Tong, LIAO Ying-zhao, SHAN Jin-jun
2021, 37(4): 554-562. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0554
[Abstract](398) [FullText HTML] (117) [PDF 2116KB](224)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  Combining UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS technology with network pharmacology method to predict the target of Platycodon grandiflorum in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the potential mechanism, and carrying out relevant experimental verification, in order to reveal the effective substances and mechanism of Platycodon grandiflorum in the treatment of NAFLD.METHODS  The active components of Platycodon grandiflorum were screened by UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and TCMSP database. Swiss Target Prediction Database was used to predict the active components of Platycodon grandiflorum. Targets of NAFLD were obtained through OMIM, Disgenet, TTD and other databases. The disease-related targets were mapped to the potential targets of compounds to obtain the common targets, and the information was imported into Cytoscape software and String online analysis platform to make network diagram and PPI diagram, respectively, and topological analysis was carried out at the same time. Functional enrichment analysis of key target genes GO and KEGG was carried out by using Bioconductor bioinformatics software package based on R software. NAFLD mouse model was established, the results of network pharmacology enrichment analysis were verified by pathological staining and qPCR.RESULTS  Combined with the results of mass spectrometry and database screening, a total of 13 active components, 278 drug targets, 1 536 disease targets and 83 common targets were screened in Platycodon, involving PI3K-AKT, insulin resistance, TNF-α, IL-17, JAK-STAT, T cell receptors and other signaling pathways. Experimental verification showed that the key target genes were differentially expressed.CONCLUSION  This study reveals the active components of Platycodon grandiflorum in the treatment of NAFLD and its mechanism of action, it provides reference value for further research.
The Mechanism of Liujunzi Decoction for Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Based on Network Pharmacology
YANG Ning, ZHOU Jie, WU Rui, XU Xin-rong
2021, 37(4): 563-569. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0563
[Abstract](340) [FullText HTML] (28) [PDF 5086KB](171)
Abstract:
  OBJECTIVE  To analyze the targets and signal pathways of Liujunzi decoction in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by network pharmacology, and explore the mechanism of action.  METHODS  The chemical constituents of six herbs of Liujunzi Decoction were searched from the TCMSP, and the active ingredients were screened out. The corresponding targets of the active ingredients were searched from the Swiss Target Prediction database, the disease targets of AMD were collected through Drugbank, TTD and OMIM databases, the common targets of the active ingredients and disease were determined by Venny analysis. The protein interaction information of common targets was obtained from String database, the target protein interaction network and active ingredient-targets interaction network were constructed with Cytoscape software, the gene function GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out by David database.  RESULTS  Liujunzi decoction contains 154 active ingredients and 934 corresponding targets, AMD has 266 disease targets, common targets are 92. 37 major targets were obtained by protein interaction network, 39 key active ingredients were obtained by active ingredients-target network. The gene function GO enrichment yielded 277 biological processes entries, mainly involving in transcription factor binding, serine/threonine kinase activity, protein phosphorylation, protein kinase C activity, protein kinase activity, protein deacetylase activity, protein autophosphorylation, peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation, NAD-dependent histone deacetylase activity, and MAP kinase activity. KEGG pathway enrichment generated 107 signal pathways, mainly involving in VEGF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, neurotrophin signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels. The serum containing Liujunzi decoction could protect ARPE-19 cells from oxidative injury, and down-regulate the expressions of VEGF, Akt, ERK1/2 and p38.  CONCLUSION  Liujunzi decoction plays an active role through multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway. The underlying mechanism in treatment of AMD may be to regulate cell proliferation and migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammation.
Syndrome Identification and Treatment of Diabetic Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy by the Method of Regulating Astringency with Sour and Bitter Flavors
SUN Xue-mei, ZHANG Meng, MAO Chen-han, DONG Qi-mei, WANG Xin-dong
2021, 37(4): 570-573. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0570
[Abstract](316) [FullText HTML] (61) [PDF 1137KB](197)
Abstract:
Summarize the experience of syndrome identification and treatment of diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy by Dong Qimei, the instructor of the inheritance of academic experience of national distinguished Chinese medicine experts. It is believed that the core pathogenesis of the disease is internal blazing of heart fire, stomach preponderance and spleen weakness, disharmony between nutritive qi and defensive qi, and the disturbance of the heart spirit. Thus, it is proposed that the treatment method is based on regulating, together with unifying formula with medicinal flavor and regulating astringency with sour and bitter flavors. Under the guidance of this academic philosophy, we have used Lianmei decoction and Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction to treat the disease with good clinical efficacy.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Master Xia Guicheng's Experience in the Prevention and Treatment of Endometrial Polyps by Applying the Theory of "Yang Transforms into Qi, while Yin Constitutes Form"
GUO Hong-yu, REN Qing-ling, HU Rong-kui, ZHAO Yu-qin, XIA Yun, WANG Hai-dan
2021, 37(4): 574-576. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0574
[Abstract](453) [FullText HTML] (95) [PDF 1117KB](217)
Abstract:
Endometrial polyp is a common and frequently occurring disease. Based on the theory of "yang transforms into qi, while yin constitutes form" in The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic, Professor Xia Guicheng, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, believes that endometrial polyp is a disease of asthenia in origin and asthenia in superficiality, and its disease mechanism is heart-kidney yang deficiency, abnormal qi transformation, and static blood obstructing the uterus. Thus, the treatment is based on the method of warming yang and transforming qi, combined with the method of nourishing kidney to regulate menstruation. In addition, the formula of warming yang and transforming qi is created. All these treatment methods are applied in the pre-menstruum of yang exuberance using methods of warming kidney to assist yang along with transforming qi and breaking concretions. Having the "six yang" in place, the aim is to turn extreme yang into yin, restore uterine function, promote the elimination of endometrial stagnation and fluid during menstruation, as well as reduce the recurrence of endometrial polyps.
Professor Liu Shenlin's Experience in Treating Postoperative Pharyngeal Fistula Complications of Laryngocarcinoma
PENG Li-rong, PENG Hai-yan
2021, 37(4): 577-580. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0577
[Abstract](276) [FullText HTML] (43) [PDF 1125KB](164)
Abstract:
Based on the theories of visceral manifestation of Chinese medicine, such as "lung qi connecting to the larynx" and "earth generating metal or spleen (mother-organ) generating lung (child-organ)", Professor Liu Shenlin, a national distinguished Chinese medicine doctor, concludes that the etiology and mechanism of pharyngeal fistula complications after laryngocarcinoma surgery is the loss of local organs, damage to lung qi, and broken metal failing to sound. The evolution of the disease process is characterized by disorder of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ, the disease of the lung affecting the spleen, and weakened body resistance with inability to drive pathogenic qi out, which leads to the retention of cancer toxins inside. We advocate that the treatment should be based on a holistic concept, pay attention to the interrelationship between the internal organs, reinforce the mother of deficient organs, and follow the principle of treating the root and branch simultaneously. In addition, the therapeutic principle and methods include clearing the lung and resolving toxins, dispelling pathogenic qi and reducing the swelling, cultivating the earth and generating gold, nourishing the spleen and stomach, adding and subtracting medicines with the change of syndromes, as well as treating both inside and outside, in order to promote the transformation of qi and blood, repair the muscle tissue, dissipate local inflammation, and accelerate the healing of pharyngeal fistula.
Meta-Analysis of Acupuncture Treatment on the Rehabilitation of Motor Function in Patients with Tendinopathy
SONG Wen-xiu, LI Ke-lei, HAN Xiao-shi, YANG Jie, ZHANG Yan-feng, WANG Kuo, WANG Hua-jun, ZHENG Xiao-fei
2021, 37(4): 581-586. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0581
[Abstract](245) [FullText HTML] (38) [PDF 1518KB](171)
Abstract:
  OBJECTIVE  To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment on the rehabilitation of motor function in patients with tendinopathy.  METHODS  From the time of database establishment to March 2019, we searched and selected relevant literatures on randomized controlled trial (RCT) for the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment on tendinopathy from electronic databases, including EMbase, Pubmed, The Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG DATA, and China Biology Medicine disc (CBM). Then the basic information of the included literature was extracted and evaluated for quality, and Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software.  RESULTS  A total of 13 RCTs with 591 patients were included. The results of the Meta-analysis were as follows. The visual analog scale (VAS) showed that acupuncture treatment was effective in relieving tendinopathy pain. Besides, the pressure pain threshold score (PPT) test showed that acupuncture treatment was effective in improving the pressure pain threshold in tendinopathy. In addition, the range of motion score (ROM) showed that acupuncture treatment was effective in improving the range of joint motion in tendinopathy. Moreover, forest structure plots indicated stable results, and funnel plots showed little publication bias.  CONCLUSION  Acupuncture treatment can reduce the pain of tendinopathy, increase the pressure pain threshold, as well as improve the range of joint motion and motor function, so it is an effective treatment for tendinopathy.
Standardization Research on Quantification of Acupuncture Manipulation Stimuli Based on Brain-Computer Interface
JIN Chuan-yang, ZHU Hai-bin, XIONG Jia-wei, ZHANG Jian-bin
2021, 37(4): 587-591. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0587
[Abstract](282) [FullText HTML] (68) [PDF 1167KB](137)
Abstract:
Based on the brain-computer interface technology, we analyzed the problems related to the number of stimuli and treatment effect of acupuncture, so as to make a preliminary overview about standardization research on the quantification of acupuncture manipulation stimuli. It is proposed that the characteristics of the quantitative study of acupuncture manipulation stimuli based on a brain-computer interface include a large amount of data, stable data flow, as well as quantification and objection along with a high degree of freedom in analysis. It is suggested that the focus of data acquisition at the brain-computer interface from a clinical perspective of acupuncture manipulation includes four aspects: the overall connectivity of neural networks, the activity of specific brain areas, the fluctuation of body tolerance or pain threshold during acupuncture intervention, and the activity change of different lamina neurons of the cortex. The efficacy evaluation of acupuncture interventions in post-stroke rehabilitation is used as an example to illustrate the study characteristics and potential advantages of standardization research on the quantification of acupuncture manipulation stimuli based on brain-computer interface.
An Exploration of the Logical Data and Knowledge Graph of Wang Xugao's Case Records Based on Knowledge Element Indexing
ZHANG Ling-shan, WANG Feng-lan, XING Chen-lin, WANG Kun-ling-zi
2021, 37(4): 592-596. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0592
[Abstract](250) [FullText HTML] (40) [PDF 1721KB](153)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To sort out and analyze the contents of Chinese medical classics by using the information technology of knowledge element theory, and to find new knowledge through exploring the implied logical relationships and constructing a knowledge graph.METHODS  Through depth indexing of Wang Xugao's Case Records based on knowledge element theory and technology, we firstly read out indexing data as logical data and carried out preliminary analysis with MS SQL Server database. Secondly, we presented the explicit knowledge by using the knowledge graph technology of Chinese medical classics based on neo4j database, and explored the underlying logical relationships to further discover the implicit knowledge.RESULTS  There were 787 knowledge bodies, 5 153 knowledge elements, 1 149 semantic types, and 510 semantic associations in Wang Xugao's Case Records. By analyzing the logical data and the structured knowledge graph, it can be seen that the knowledge elements and semantic associations of deficiency-consumption in the book are the most numerous, among which the semantic associations with liver, spleen and stomach are the most numerous.CONCLUSION  It is concluded that Wang Xugao's Case Records is characterized by the emphasis on the description of syndromes and symptoms of various diseases and the analysis of relevant etiologies and pathogenesis. Besides, Wang had rich experience in the diagnosis and treatment of deficiency-consumption. His treatment of deficiency-consumption starts with the liver, with particular attention to the pathogenesis of the disease involving both the liver and spleen.
Discussion on the Status and Development Trend of Research on Intellectualization of Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation
YANG Tao, ZHU Xue-fang
2021, 37(4): 597-601. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0597
[Abstract](342) [FullText HTML] (514) [PDF 1153KB](214)
Abstract:
Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation is the accumulation of the practice and theories from the experience of disease prevention and treatment of the Chinese nation for thousands of years. Thus, it is important to study the principles and laws of syndrome differentiation and establish scientific and standardized digital and intelligent methods of syndrome differentiation for the modernization of Chinese medicine. This study introduces the background and status of the research on the intellectualization of Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation. In addition, the research methods of the intellectualization of Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation are summarized into four categories: knowledge engineering, mathematical statistics, machine learning, and deep learning. Through presenting the current problems and countermeasures of the intellectualization of Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation, this study suggests the intellectualization of Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation needs to be guided by the unified and standardized Chinese medicine theory, design the corresponding mathematical model, deal with the relationship between a priori knowledge and clinical data, and realize the Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation model which is in line with the thinking of Chinese medicine "measuring the visceral by the manifestation and identifying the syndrome from the symptoms", so as to achieve the real sense of brain-like computing and cognitive intelligence.
Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine against Triple Negative Breast Cancer and the Underlying Molecular Mechanism
WU Qin-hang, ZHU Li-wen, LI Ming-xuan, CAO Jing, PAN Yang
2021, 37(4): 602-608. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0602
[Abstract](381) [FullText HTML] (59) [PDF 1220KB](184)
Abstract:
Triple negative breast cancer is an invasive subtype of breast cancer with high recurrence and metastasis rates, it threatens women's health seriously. Due to the lack of molecular targets, chemotherapy is still the main curing method. However, the clinical cure rate is very low. Studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicines could prevent triple negative breast cancer proliferation and reduce its metastasis obviously by multiple pathways and targets. Combined with the latest research results, the activities and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients are reviewed, providing references for the development and clinical application of new Chinese medicines against triple negative breast cancer.
The Chemical Constituents and Application Prospects on Wound Healing of Lasiosphaera Seu Calvatia
DING Xiao-tong, TANG Qing-han, WANG Yi-wei, MIN Wen, SUN Xu, YIN Shao-ping, GU Wei, CHEN Jun
2021, 37(4): 609-618. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0609
[Abstract](217) [FullText HTML] (112) [PDF 1654KB](242)
Abstract:
Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia belongs to fungal traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effects of detumescence, hemostasis and detoxification, and is often used to treat traumatic bleeding in the form of powder. Ancient books and modern clinical records have found that Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia has the effect of treating chronic refractory wounds. Aiming to investigate the active material basis, pharmacological action and mechanism of Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia in the treatment of chronic refractory wounds in the present articals, the authors reviewed the recent reports on peeling Lasiosphaera fenzlii Reich., Calvatia gigantea (Batsch ex Pers.) Lloyd and Calvatia lilacina (Mont.et Berk.) Lloyd at home and abroad, and sorted out more than 100 types of chemical constituents, including steroids, proteins and peptides, amino acids, fatty acids and esters, sugars and volatile components, etc.The main pharmacological effects are reported for hemostasis, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, bacteriostasis, hypoglycemia, promoting cell proliferation and etc. By regulating wound microenvironment, promoting the process of cell proliferation, restoring chronic refractory wound healing, Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia is expected to be used as medicinal materials and utilized in wound repair treatment, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational development and utilization of Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia resources in the field of clinical trauma treatment.
Advance of Pharmacological Studies on Nuciferine
CHEN Chang, XIE Yong-yan, HUANG Li-ping
2021, 37(4): 619-624. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0619
[Abstract](882) [FullText HTML] (219) [PDF 1231KB](356)
Abstract:
Nuciferine is a key aporphine alkaloid in the dried leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (LNNG), which is also the quality control component of LNNG in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. It is reported that nuciferine has many pharmacological effects, such as lipid-lowering, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-tumor, anti-cerebral ischemia, and has a broad development prospect. However, there are some medicinal defects, such as poor water solubility, lack of safety data, and controversy of bioavailability, which greatly affect the in-depth research and development of nuciferine. Therefore, how to choose the most suitable clinical indications from massive pharmacological activities, improve its solubility and bioavailability through preparation or chemical method, and reduce the occurrence of toxic and side effects, are urgent to be solved. In this paper, the physicochemical property, pharmacokinetic characteristics, pharmacological activity and underling mechanism of nuciferine were systematically summarized, which can be helpful for the further study of its pharmacological action and the development of innovative products.
Research Progress of Curcumin for the Prevention and Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
SUN Qiu-shuang, GUO Ya-ting, ZHUANG Yu, HUANG Fang, QIU Zhi-xia
2021, 37(4): 625-631. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0625
[Abstract](348) [FullText HTML] (46) [PDF 1360KB](222)
Abstract:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world with rising incidence. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound extracted from turmeric, a plant of Zingiberaceae, has very extensive biological activities. A large number of studies have confirmed that curcumin showed good antiatheroscloresis, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and other pharmacological activities. It has a significant effect on a variety of metabolic diseases such as NAFLD, obesity, insulin resistance and so on. Therefore, curcumin has important clinical value and broad application prospects. This paper summarized the potential mechanisms of curcumin in the treatment of NAFLD, aiming to provide reference for the treatment of metabolic diseases, and to promote its possible clinical application in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD and other lipid metabolism related diseases.
Advances in the Study of Chinese Medical Syndrome of Cervical Radiculopathy
WEI Xu, FANG Sheng-jie, SUN Kai, LIU Ning, TANG Bin, WANG Xu, ZHU Li-guo
2021, 37(4): 632-636. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0632
[Abstract](443) [FullText HTML] (127) [PDF 1149KB](197)
Abstract:
The standardization and objectification of syndrome is an important research element in the modernization of Chinese medicine. The current research status of Chinese medical syndrome of cervical radiculopathy (CR) was reviewed in terms of syndrome differentiation and classification, clinical efficacy evaluation, as well as syndrome-based research, and it was concluded that the current research on Chinese medical syndrome of CR was characterized by the lack of uniform diagnostic criteria, standardized efficacy evaluation, and systematically syndrome-based research. By comparing the existing national standards and industry standards, it is suggested that the Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical radiculopathy promulgated by the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine can be preferred as the diagnostic criteria for the syndromes. In addition, it is recommended to follow the international research standards, select at least one recognized disease efficacy evaluation index, choose a suitable evaluation scale according to the characteristics of the syndromes, establish a recognized animal model for the combination of CR diseases and syndromes, use systems biology techniques to explain the mechanism of action of Chinese medicine interventions at the animal, tissue and cellular levels, and compare the differences between the expression of clinical characteristics and biochemical criterions in patients with different syndromes of CR.
实验研究
Water Extract of Notopterygium Incisum Alleviates Neuropathic Pain by Regulating TRPV1
WANG Di-jun, RUAN Yong-lan, JIN Xiang, JI Hai-wang, TANG Zong-xiang, WANG Chang-ming
2021, 37(4): 508-513. doi: 10.14148/j.issn.1672-0482.2021.0508
[Abstract](284) [FullText HTML] (48) [PDF 1751KB](139)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE  To explore the effect of water extract of notopterygium incisum (WN) on neuropathic pain and its molecular biological mechanism.METHODS  Pain behavior test to detect the effects of WN on thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical hyperalgesia in acute pain and chronic constriction injury (CCI) induced neuropathic pain model. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were used to detect the expression of TRPV1. Calcium imaging was used to detect calcium influx of capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist) in CCI mice after oral administration of WN.RESULTS  WN significantly reduced the thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical hyperalgesia in acute pain model and CCI model (P < 0.001). The expression of TRPV1 in protein level and mRNA level in DRG neurons were significantly inhibited by administration of WN (P < 0.05). The response of DRG neurons to capsaicin was significantly inhibited by the treatment of WN (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION  WN alleviated CCI-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hypersensitivity via modulating TRPV1. Our results revealed a new molecular biological mechanism of analgesia effect to traditional Chinese medicine.

Copyright © Journal of Nanjing University of traditional Chinese Medicine

Sponsored by：Nanjing University of traditional Chinese MedicineAddress：No.138 xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing cityChina Pos：210023

Tel：025-85811935Email：xb@njucm.edu.cn

Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd.