2020 Vol. 36, No. 6

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Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine: Summary of Diseases and Syndromes Differentiation of the Spleen System
ZHOU Zhong-ying
2020, 36(6): 783-787.
[Abstract](810) [PDF 1222KB](754)
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This paper summarized the diseases and syndrome differentiation of the spleen diseases in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)， including the concept of the spleen， the etiology and pathogenesis， key points of syndromes and symptoms differentiation， therapeutic methods， prescription， and clinical application. The etiology and pathogenesis of spleen diseases could be categorized as excess and deficiency， which were represented as excessive dampness and weak yang， as well as dampness encumbering the spleen for the former， while spleen failure to remove dampness， weak yang and excessive dampness for the later. The syndrome differentiation was based on qi， blood， deficiency， excess， cold， and heat. The therapeutic principle was focused on transporting rather than tonifying. Such clinical manifestations were common as stomachache， abdominal pain， vomiting， hiccup， dysphagia， regurgitation， diarrhea， constipation， hematemesis， hemafecia， phlegm retention， and the spleen-warm syndrome. The therapeutic methods could be to warm the center and dry dampness， clear heat and remove dampness， expel water by purgation， supplement the center and boost qi， fortify the spleen and activate the center， boost the stomach and tonify yin， fortify the spleen and warm the center， as well as dissolve stasis and unblock the collaterals. The combined methods were like fortifying the spleen and soothing the liver， fortifying the spleen and harmonizing the stomach， soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach， inhibiting the liver and reinforcing the spleen together with banking up earth to generate metal. As for the significant points of clinical application， it contains the common deficiency， excess， cold and heat combined syndrome， removing dampness to regulating the spleen， harmonizing qi to treat the stomach， tonifying yin to clearing stomach heat， along with focusing on the relation between the spleen， stomach， and other Zang-organs.
Scientific Connotation and Clinical Application of the Compound Pathogenesis of Hepatocirrhosis Characterized by Constraint of Dampness-Heat and Stasis-Toxin
YE Fang, ZHOU Jing-wen, HUANG Jin-ping, WANG Pan-pan, WANG Zhen, WU Wan-lin, ZHANG Ting-ting, ZHOU Zhong-ying
2020, 36(6): 788-791.
[Abstract](477) [PDF 1157KB](517)
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The paper discussed the scientific connotation and clinical application of the compound pathogenesis of hepatocirrhosis characterized by constraint of dampness-heat and stasis-toxin. Constraint of dampness-heat and stasis-toxin was regarded as the core pathogenesis， and stasis-heat was the key link. Besides， we explored the patho-biological basis of the compound pathogenesis in modern medicine， proposed the clinical thought of clearing and removing dampness-heat and stasis-toxin， disclosed the mechanisms of regulating immune and inflammatory symptomatic response network during the progress of hepatocirrhosis with clearing and removing therapy， and provided a demonstration for the innovative research of the pathogenesis theory in traditional Chinese medicine.
Analysis on the Pandemic Disease from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on the Heritage Chapters ofThe Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic
ZHENG Xiao-hong
2020, 36(6): 792-794.
[Abstract](517) [PDF 1136KB](567)
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Based on the theory of pandemic disease due to three deficiencies combined with "spectre" in the heritage chapters ofCifa Lun andBenbing Lun， inThe Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic. It is believed that the root cause of pandemic disease is due to deficiency of healthy qi and natural qi， the disharmony of human and spirit and the attack of "spectre". The theory can be beneficial to prevent pandemic disease in modern society， which helps us grasp the characteristics of the convergence of heaven qi and earth qi， personal constitution and disease condition. As for the novel epidemic diseases such as infectious diseases， it is significant to prevent and treat them under the guidance of theories in TCM， like differentiation of the convergence of heaven qi and earth qi， syndrome-differentiation of the six meridians， and the science of seasonal febrile disease and pestilential pathogen， which can also provide a vital reference in constructing the prevention and control system of the pandemic disease with TCM and reconstituting the epidemic discipline.
Multi-Dimensional Analysis of the Mechanism ofTripterygium Wilfordii Hook．f． Compound Prescription Based on "Heterogeneous Restriction" in Reducing Hepatotoxicity from the Perspective of Substance-Metabolism-Toxicity Correlation
ZHOUXue-ping, ZHOULing-ling, ZHUHua-xu, FENGZhe, XIETong, LUYan, WANGJing, FULing
2020, 36(6): 795-798.
[Abstract](502) [PDF 1169KB](326)
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Tripterygium wilfordii Hook．f．(TWHF) is a commonly used Chinese medicine for the treatment of rheumatic immune diseases， but its side effects are obvious. Based on the theory of "heterogeneous restriction" proposed by the clinical application of TWHF compound prescriptions， with Qingluo Tongbi Fomula as a carrier， and clinically frequent hepatotoxicity as the starting point， the mechanism of TWHF compound compatibility to reduce liver injury was explored from the perspective of substance-metabolism-toxicity correlation in multiple dimensions. Qingluo Tongbi Fomula could reduce TWHF-induced hepatotoxicity by regulating the metabolism of TWHF and endogenous glucose and lipid， and improving lipid peroxidation damage， mitochondrial damage， and liver cell excessive autophagy and apoptosis via nuclear receptors-metabolizing enzymes， Nrf1-mitochondria and Nrf2-antioxidant pathways. The detoxicity effect of Chinese medicines with different functions through different links and targets of the cell and molecular regulatory network reflected the characteristics of "heterogeneous restriction". This research has provided a scientific basis for the original innovation of the theory of prescription compatibility and guiding the safe and reasonable clinical application of TWHF.
Thoughts and Methods of Syndromes Differentiation for the Reconstruction of Vaginal Microecology in Patients with RVVC Based on Xia Guicheng's Harmonizing Pathogenic Qi and Nourishing Healthy Qi
HAN Yue, XIA Yun, TAN Yong, HU Rong-kui, REN Qing-ling, XIA Gui-cheng
2020, 36(6): 799-800.
[Abstract](477) [PDF 1118KB](513)
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Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is intractable to cure but easy to relapse with a long-term lingering course. Based on the perspective of harmonizing pathogenic qi and nourishing healthy qi， Xia Guicheng， a master of traditional Chinese medicine， regarded separating dispersion and mobilizing discharge as the basic therapeutic methods， regulating the overall vaginal internal environment as the foothold and reconstructing the vaginal micro-ecology as the basis， thus promoting the recovery of the dominant bacterial community， such as lactic acid bacteria， and harmonizing the local immune micro-ecology so as to achieve the purposes of cure diseases. In addition， a modified Ermiao granule has been developed and applied in the clinic.
Discuss on Zhou Shenzhai's Characteristic in Deficiency Syndrome Differentiation from Regulating Spleen and Stomach
REN Wei-ming, ZHAN Li-bin
2020, 36(6): 801-803.
[Abstract](388) [PDF 1140KB](417)
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The paper analyzed Zhou Shenzhai's thought characteristic of deficiency syndrome differentiation by regulating the spleen and stomach. Doctor Zhou， a distinguished doctor in the Ming dynasty， held that deficiency of spleen and stomach was the root cause of the deficiency and put forward that in terms of deficiency， "even if there are different symptoms， regulating spleen and stomach can relive them". He applied his original "Twenty-six-character diagnosis and treatment strategy" into specific therapeutic methods， regarded regulating and tonifying as the main methods， combined with other methods like consolidating， guiding， purging， clearing and harmonizing. Besides， he proposed that pulse condition can manifest and predict the transforming of deficiency.
Clinical Study of Bufei Huoxue Decoction in Promoting Rapid Postoperative Recovery of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
FUZhao-qing, ZHANGYun-jie, SHIJin
2020, 36(6): 804-808.
[Abstract](421) [PDF 1172KB](535)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Bufei Huoxue Decoction on promoting the rapid postoperative recovery of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with deficiency of lung and spleen along with phlegm and blood-stasis. METHODS 107 patients with lung and spleen deficiency along with phlegm and blood stasis type non-small cell lung cancer were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group， and both were given surgery therapy. The treatment group has been given Bufei Huoxue Decoction， one dose a day， 1 day before surgery and 5 days after surgery. After 5 days' treatment， the clinical efficacy， traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores， postoperative inflammation indicators， conditions of complications and rehabilitation were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The scores of TCM syndromes in the two groups were significantly improved after surgery (P<0.05，P<0.01) and the treatment group was better (P<0.05). The total clinical effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). C-reactive protein (CRP)， interleukin-6 (IL-6)， and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group on the 3rd and 5th day after surgery (P<0.05). Postoperative thoracic drainage， postoperative bedtime and hospital days in the treatment group were less than those in the control group (P<0.05). The partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) on the 5th day after surgery in the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Bufei Huoxue Decoction can reduce the postoperative inflammatory response of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and promote rapid recovery， in line with the concept of accelerated rehabilitation surgery and is worthy of further promotion and application.
Clinical Study of Fuzheng Huowei Decoction in the Treatment of Qi Deficiency and Collateral Stasis Type Chronic Atrophic Gastritis
MA Xue-hui, SHEN Dan-lei, ZHANG Zheng-bo, GUO Yi
2020, 36(6): 809-813.
[Abstract](435) [PDF 1404KB](351)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of Fuzheng Huowei decoction in the treatment of qi deficiency and collateral stasis type chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). METHODS Using a random list method on SPSS， 65 patients with qi deficiency and collateral stasis type CAG were randomly divided into the treatment group with 33 cases and the control group with 32 cases. The treatment group was given Fuzheng Huowei decoction， one dose a day. The control group was given WeiFuchun Pill， three times a day， four pills each time. After three months' treatment， such indexes of the two groups were compared as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores， gastroscopy， pathological effect， along with the differences of serum pepsinogen Ⅰ， Ⅱ(PGⅠ， PGⅡ)， the ratio of PGⅠ/ PGⅡ and gastrin (G-17). RESULTS After treatment， TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were lower than that before treatment (P<0.05，P<0.01) and the treatment group was better (P<0.05，P<0.01). The gastroscopy and pathological effect in the treatment group were better than that in the control group (P<0.05). The level of PGⅠ and PGR (PGⅠ/PGⅡ) in the treatment group significantly increased (P<0.05)， which was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the treatment group was 81.8%， higher than 68.8% of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Fuzheng Huowei decoction can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of patients with CAG， improve the histopathological lesion and promote mucosal repair， of which the mechanism in treating CAG may be functioned as regulating the levels of PGⅠ， PGⅡ， PGR and G-17.
Analysis of the Correlation Among Traditional Chinese Medicine Symptoms of Vascular Cognitive Impairment， Cognitive Domain and Risk Factors Based on Logistic Regression
WU Hong-shuai, FANG Xiao-min, CHANG Cheng
2020, 36(6): 814-819.
[Abstract](409) [PDF 1193KB](523)
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OBJECTIVE To discuss the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI)， cognitive domain and risk factors. METHODS According to the TCM syndrome differentiation scale for vascular dementia， 372 patients were divided into different groups with different symptoms. Patients' risk factors information was collected， and Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA) was applied to assess patients' cognitive function and made correlation analysis of TCM symptoms， MoCA cognitive domain and risk factors. RESULTS The result of Exact Logistic Regression showed that kidney essence deficiency symptom was connected with view space (P＜0.01，OR=0.305)， attention (P＜0.05，OR=0.469)， delayed recall (P＜0.01，OR=0.380)， orientation (P＜0.05，OR=0.447)， age (P＜0.01，OR=1.141) and body mass index (BMI) (P＜0.01，OR=1.363). Phlegm-turbidity obstructing orifices symptom was relevant to naming ability (P＜0.05，OR=0.298)， language competence (P＜0.01，OR=0.336)， delayed recall (P＜0.01，OR=0.498)， orientation (P＜0.05，OR=1.887)， BMI (P＜0.05，OR=1.267)， hypertension (P＜0.01，OR=5.850) and smoking (P＜0.05，OR=5.589). Blood stasis obstructing collaterals symptom was associated with orientation (P＜0.05，OR=0.571)， BMI (P＜0.05，OR=1.283)， hypertension (P＜0.01，OR=19.215)， diabetes (P＜0.01，OR=5.214) and smoking (P＜0.05，OR=6.188). Ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang symptom was correlative with attention (P＜0.05，OR=2.153)， abstract thinking (P＜0.01，OR=0.042)， orientation (P＜0.05，OR=2.432)， age (P＜0.05，OR=1.116)， hypertension (P=0.01，OR=20.787)， smoking (P＜0.01，OR=15.289) and sleep quality (P＜0.05，OR=0.065). CONCLUSION TCM symptoms of VCI have different kinds of damage of cognitive domain and risk factors' characteristics， which can provide a basis for the diagnosis and intervention treatment in the early stage.
Clinical Study of Dahuang Zhechong Pill in the Treatment of JAK2-V617F Positive Polycythemia Vera
DENGLai-jun, DONGYang, WANGCui, SUNWei-guo, ZHANZhao-min, SUNChang-gang
2020, 36(6): 820-825.
[Abstract](480) [PDF 1239KB](502)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Dahuang Zhechong Pill in the treatment of blood stasis syndrome due to JAK2-V617F positive polycythemia vera (PV) and its influence on the expression of tumor angiogenesis-related factors. METHODS A total of 43 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into 21 cases in the control group and 22 cases in the treatment group. Ten patients with immune thrombocytopenia served as blank controls. The control group received oral hydroxyurea， and the treatment group was treated with Dahuang Zhechong Pills on the basis of the control group. After 3 months of treatment， applying the myeloproliferative neoplasms symptom assessment form total symptom score (MPN-SAF-TSS) and blood-stasis syndrome score form to evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of patients in the two groups， as well as compare the indexes before and after treatment， including the expression levels of bone marrow Williams tumor gene (WT1)， vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF)， cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microvessel density (MVD). RESULTS After treatment， the MPN-SAF-TSS evaluation scores of the treatment group decreased after treatment (P<0.05，P<0.01)， fatigue， weight loss， abdominal discomfort， inattention， skin itching， and bone pain were significantly improved， which were better than the control group (P<0.05，P<0.01). After treatment， the symptoms of blood stasis， concretion， and signs of tongue proper in the two groups were improved significantly (P<0.05，P<0.01)， and the treatment group was better than the control group (P<0.05). The effective rates of the two groups were 77.3% and 61.9%， respectively， and the treatment group was better than the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the blank group， the expressions of WT1， VEGF， COX-2， and MVD in the two groups were high before treatment (P<0.05)， but lowered after treatment (P<0.05，P<0.01). The decreased levels of WT1， VEGF， COX-2 in the treatment group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Quyu Liangxue prescriptions are effective in treating PV， and it can inhibit WT1 gene expression and tumor angiogenesis. There is no obvious adverse reaction， which is worthy of further research and promotion.
Clinical Study of Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction in the Treatment of Postoperative Colon Cancer
ZHOUXi, ZHANGDan, QIANHai-hua, ZENGLi
2020, 36(6): 826-830.
[Abstract](547) [PDF 1173KB](463)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction on the quality of life and side effects of chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery. METHODS Inpatients with colorectal cancer in the Anorectal Department， Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine were selected and single-blind randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group with 30 cases each. The control group received postoperative tumor chemotherapy and psychological intervention， and the treatment group was treated with Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. After 12 weeks of treatment， the psychological status， quality of life， levels of peripheral blood cells， immunoglobulin， inflammatory factors， and liver function damage were detected in the two groups. RESULTS After treatment， partial mental state factors， Karnofsky scores in the treatment group were improved， and better than those in the control group (P<0.05，P<0.01). Besides， the peripheral blood cell levels showed no significant change in the treatment group， better than those in the control group (P<0.05，P<0.01). The inflammatory factor levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) notably decreased (P<0.01)， better than the control group (P<0.01). The liver damage levels in the treatment group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction can improve the mental state and quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer after surgery as well as reduce the adverse effects of chemotherapy.
Haowang Formula Improved Cognitive Impairment in AD Mice Models and Related Mechanism
GUO Xiao-yan, ZHANG Hai-lou, XIA Bao-mei, TAO Wei-wei, LI Wen-jia, XU Lian-tiao, SHEN Qin-qin, ZOU Zhi-lu, CHEN Gang
2020, 36(6): 831-836.
[Abstract](469) [PDF 2238KB](638)
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OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of Haowang Formula (HWF) in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) cognitive impairment using scopolamine mice model and senescence accelerated mice P8 (SAMP8) model， and investigated the underlying mechanism centered on PKA-mediated clearance of phosphorylated TAU and enhancement of synaptic plasticity. METHODS Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups in both models: Control group（CTL）， Model group (Veh)， Haowang Formula group and Donepezil group (Donepezil). Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition test (NOR) were used to evaluate the cognitive ability of mice. Western Blot was used to detect the protein levels in PKA-GSK3β-TAU， PKA-CREB and its downstream molecule BDNF and synaptic proteins including SYNAPSIN1， GLUR1， and PSD95 in the hippocampus of SAMP8. RESULTS Under scopolamine model， compared to Model group， HWF and Donepezil distinctly improved times of crossing the platform in Morris water maze. Under SAMP8 model， both HWF and donepezil displayed therapeutic effect on escape latency and times of crossing the platform in MWM， and new object recognition index in NOR （P<0.01）. However， HWF increased distance in target quadrant and showed better treatment effect on shortening escape latency than donepezil （P<0.01）. In hippocampus of SAMP8 mice， HWF distinctly reduced the protein levels of TAU-ser404 by activating PKA-GSK3β-TAU pathway （P<0.01）. It also reversed the down-regulation of PKA-CREB and its downstream molecule BDNF and synaptic proteins including SYNAPSIN1， GLUR1， and PSD95 （P<0.05，P<0.01）. CONCLUSION HWF can improve cognitive impairment in AD mice models， which is related to PKA-mediated clearance of phosphorylated TAU and enhancement of synaptic plasticity.
The Effect ofErycibe Obtusifolia Benth on the Synovial Inflammation and Threshold of Pain in KOA Rats
WUPeng, SHANJin-jun, HUANGZheng-quan, ZHANGNong-shan, LUOZi-chen, XUWei-chen, LIAOTai-yang, MAOJun, WANGPei-min
2020, 36(6): 837-841.
[Abstract](383) [PDF 1548KB](443)
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect ofErycibe obtusifolia Benthon on synovial inflammation and threshold of pain in KOA rats. METHODS 30 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group andErycibe obtusifolia Benthon group. The KOA model was constructed by ACLT. After modeling，Erycibe obtusifolia Benthon was applied inErycibe obtusifolia Benthon group for 28 days. The cold pain threshold and mechanical withdrawal threshold in each group were measured before modeling and on the 7th， 14th， 21th， 28th， 35th and 42th day after modeling. After the final administration， blood was collected from the abdominal aorta， DRG and synovial tissues of each group were extracted. Synovitis was observed by HE staining; then IL-1β， TNF-α， TRPA1 and TRPV4 protein and gene expression in synovial tissues and DRG were detected by Western blot and PCR. RESULTS HE staining showed that inflammatory cell infiltration in theErycibe obtusifolia Benthon group significantly reduced compared with the model group， and the arrangement was relatively regular. The cold pain threshold and the mechanical withdrawal threshold in the model group were significantly lower than those of the normal group (P<0.01)， and the thresholds in theErycibe obtusifolia Benthon group were significantly higher than those in the model group (P<0.01). The levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， TRPA1 and TRPV4 protein and gene expressed in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05，P<0.01). The levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， TRPA1 and TRPV4 protein and gene expression in theErycibe obtusifolia Benthon group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05，P<0.01). CONCLUSION Erycibe obtusifolia Benthon can inhibit synovitis inflammation and relieve the cold pain threshold and mechanical withdrawal threshold in KOA rats.
Effect and Mechanism of Banxia Houpu Tang on Mink Vomiting Model Induced by Cisplatin
HUANGShi-wen, FANFang-tian, JIJing, TANFeng, CHENGJian-ming, YUBin, NIUDi
2020, 36(6): 842-845.
[Abstract](413) [PDF 1350KB](356)
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Banxia Houpu Tang (BXHPT) on the model of mink vomiting induced by cisplatin and substance P/NK1R pathway. METHODS 36 minks were randomly divided into normal control group， model group， ondansetron group， BXHPT low， medium and high dose group (200， 400， 800 mg/kg). Each group was given corresponding drugs， respectively， for seven days. Then intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin was used to construct vomit model， the times of retching and vomit were measured， the content of substance P in the last area of mink brain were measured by ELISA， the protein levels of NK1R， p-ERK1/2 and ERK1/2 in the last area of the brain were measured by Western blot. RESULTS The levels of retching， vomit times， substance P， NK1R and p-ERK1/2 protein in the last area of brain in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05). In BXHPT group， the retch， vomit times， substance P level， NK1R and p-ERK1/2 protein levels were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION BXHPT can treat the vomiting of mink caused by cisplatin， and the mechanism may be related to the decrease of substance P/NK1R signal activation in the last brain area of minks.
Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Liuling Jiedu Wan on Acute Pharyngitis
GAOYu-yan, SHUAn-mei, ZHUYi-hui, YAOYao, GONGJian, LYUGao-hong, WANGHeng-bin, LUONian-cui, XUHui-qin
2020, 36(6): 846-852.
[Abstract](509) [PDF 2347KB](340)
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OBJECTIVE To study the therapeutic effect of Liuling Jiedu Wan on acute pharyngitis. METHODS The model of acute pharyngitis was prepared by spraying 15% ammonia water into the young rats' pharynx. Rats with successful modeling were randomly divided into 5 groups， namely model group， Lanqin Oral Liquid group and Liuling Jiedu Wan group with 3 doses. Rats in the control and model groups were given normal saline by gavage. The drugs were given once a day by gavage continuously for 7 days. During the course of gavage， body weight， laryngeal redness and other signs of the rats were observed. After administration， HE staining was used to observe the pharyngeal lesions in rats， and the expression of inflammatory factors in the serum and the connective tissue under the pharyngeal mucosa were detected. The anti-inflammatory effect of Liuling Jiedu Wan was studied by capillary permeability and ear swelling in mice. RESULTS Compared with the control group， rats in the model group frequently scratched the oropharynx and experienced slow weight gain， obvious pharyngeal redness and swelling. Their tissue structures were abnormal， with a large number of connective tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration. After the administration of Liuling Jiedu Wan， the weights of the rats increased rapidly， the degrees of pharyngeal redness and swelling decreased， and the tissue structures were significantly improved. The structures of submucosal glands were normal， and no connective tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. Moreover， Liuling Jiedu Wan could significantly decrease the levels of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α in serum and tissues of rats (P<0.05，P<0.01). Liuling Jiedu Wan could significantly reduce the capillary permeability caused by acetic acid and reduce the degree of ear swelling caused by xylene (P<0.05，P<0.01). The effects of Liuling Jiedu Wan on ear swelling in the middle and high dose groups were significantly better than that of Lanqin Oral Liquid. CONCLUSION Liuling Jiedu Wan has a good therapeutic effect on acute pharyngitis， and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Under the clinical equivalent dose， the anti-inflammatory effect of Liuling Jiedu Wan is slightly better than that of Lanqin Oral Liquid， indicating that Liuling Jiedu Wan has a better effect on acute pharyngitis.
Inhibitory Effect of Phellodendrine on α-Glucosidasein vitro
ZHENGLi-ting, ZHOUHong, LIUYi-ming, LINAi-hua
2020, 36(6): 853-858.
[Abstract](413) [PDF 2496KB](271)
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OBJECTIVE To study the inhibitory effect and the inhibition type of phellodendrine on α-glucosidasein vitro and explore the molecular mechanism. METHODS An inhibitor screening model was establishedin vitro to examine the inhibitory rate of phellodendrine on α-glucosidase.The inhibition type was investigated by kinetic method. The three-dimensional structure of α-glucosidase （Saccharomyces cerevisiae） was constructed by homology modeling method， and the inhibition molecular mechanism of phellodendrine on α-glucosidase was analyzed by molecular docking technology. RESULTS Phellodendrine displayed obvious inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 126.36 mg/L， in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of enzyme kinetics indicated that the reaction rate was lowered and Vmax， Km were decreased with the concentration increasing of phellodendrine. The results of molecular docking showed that the binding energy of phellodendrine to α-glucosidase site 5 was the lowest， and its optimal docking conformation binding energy was -31.4 kJ/mol. Phellodendrine exerted its inhibitory activity by forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues such as LYS15， SER295， HIS258， hydrophobic interaction with ALA289 and π-anion interaction with GLU10. CONCLUSION Phellodendrine is a reversible uncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. The hydrogen bond， hydrophobic interaction and π-anion interaction are main forces between phellodendrine and α-glucosidase.
Metabolic Regulation of Wenyun Granules on Fecal Short Chain Fatty Acids in Infants with Spleen-Deficiency Diarrhea
XUShan, LINLi-li, WANGShou-chuan
2020, 36(6): 859-862.
[Abstract](384) [PDF 1362KB](330)
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the metabolic characteristics of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of infants with spleen-deficiency diarrhea. METHODS 30 children with spleen-deficiency diarrhea were selected as the diarrhea group and 30 healthy children were chosen as the control group. The short chain fatty acids in the feces were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS Compared with the control group， the levels of acetic acid， propionic acid， butyric acid， isobutyric acid， valeric acid and isovaleric acid in the feces of children with spleen-deficiency diarrhea were significantly decreased. Wenyun granules significantly increased the levels of butyric acid， isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the feces of children with spleen-deficiency diarrhea. CONCLUSION Wenyun granules may regulate the balance of intestinal flora and improve the intestinal environment by regulating short chain fatty acids.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Corynoline and Acetylcorynoline in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury Rats After Oral Administration ofCorydalis Bungeana Turcz Extract
CHENYan, MUXue-mei, CAIHui-min, SHAOHua, ZHENGXiao
2020, 36(6): 863-868.
[Abstract](401) [PDF 1402KB](289)
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OBJECTIVE To explore the pharmacokinetics of corynoline and acetylcorynoline in LPS induced acute lung injury（ALI） rats after oral administration ofCorydalis bungeana Turcz extract. METHODS LC-MS/MS analytical method was developed and fully validated to determine corynoline and acetylcorynoline in rat plasma. Plasma samples were prepared by acetonitrile precipitation and then separated in a C18 column. The analytes were determined in an ESI source and then by MRM mode. The method was then fully validated by specificity， linearity， precision， accuracy， matrix effect， recovery and stability. Then， a comparative pharmacokinetic study of corynoline and acetylcorynoline in normal and LPS induced acute lung injury rats was performed， following the oral administration ofCorydalis bungeana Turcz extract (428 mg/kg). The plasma samples were then collected and analyzed after oral administration of the extract. Pharmacokinetic parameters were then calculated by the DAS3.0. RESULTS Calibration curves indicated that a desirable linearity (R2>0.995) were found and the linearity range for corynoline was 0.25-100.0 ng/mL， and 0.40-160.0 ng/mL for acetylcorynoline. And the LLOQs were sufficient for quantitative analysis. The precision and accuracy were assessed by intra-batch and inter-batch assays， and the relative standard deviation (RSD) and the accuracy (RE) was all acceptable. The extraction recoveries， matrix effects and stability were also acceptable in this study. The pharmacokinetic study indicated that the AUC(0-t) of corynoline in ALI rats was significantly increased when comparing with control rats. But the systemic exposure of acetylcorynoline was not changed in ALI rats as compared with the normal rats. CONCLUSION The developed LC-MS/MS method is fast， sensitive， accuracy and can be used in the pharmacokinetic study of corynoline and acetylcorynoline after oral administration ofCorydalis bungeana Turcz extract in rats. And the exposure of corynoline was significantly increased， while the clearance was significantly decreased in the ALI rats as compared with the control rats.
Inhibition of 26 Kinds of Chinese Medicine Injections on Monoamine Oxidasein vitro
LIU Zi-xiu, ZHOU Yan-ping, XU Duo, LIU Mei, YANG Bo, LIU Jing, SI Liang-hong, LU Yu
2020, 36(6): 869-875.
[Abstract](437) [PDF 1442KB](397)
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OBJECTIVE To establish anin vitro model for screening drugs with inhibitory effects on monoamine oxidase (MAO)， and evaluate the effects of 26 Chinese medicine injections on MAO. METHODS 5-HT and benzylamine were used as the reaction substrates of MAO-A and MAO-B， respectively， and clorgiline and selegiline were used as positive controls， respectively. LC-MS detected 5-HT product 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)， and GC-MS detected benzaldehyde product of benzylamine， which were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects on MAO. RESULTS In vitro experiments screened 24 kinds of Chinese medicine injections that had inhibitory effect on MAO-B， but had no significant inhibitory effect on MAO-A. CONCLUSION The components contained in the screened Chinese medicine injections are consistent with those reported in the literature. The method used in this study is feasible and can be used for large-scalein vitro screening of MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitory drugs， guiding the clinical rational use of such preparations.
Exploration on the Mechanism of Bazhen Yizhi Prescription in Treating Alzheimer's Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
XIALing, GUOSheng, QIANDa-wei, WUWen-xing, BUFan-shu, ZHUYue, ZHAOMing, NIUYang, DUANJin-ao
2020, 36(6): 876-881.
[Abstract](658) [PDF 2793KB](547)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Bazhen Yizhi Prescription (BZYZP)， an exploration of the potential mechanism of BZYZP in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was performed using network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS TCMSP， BATMAN-TCM， TCMID， CNKI and Pubmed database were used to search the compounds and the targets of BZYZP. The AD-related targets were screened by the GeneCards and OMIM databases. R3.6.3 was applied to get the cross targets between drugs and disease. PPI network was constructed by String database and Cytoscape 3.7.2， the core targets were screened. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by DAVID. AutoDock tools 1.5.6 and AutoDock Vina 1.1.2 were used for Molecular docking. RESULTS Total of 200 active components were screened from BZYZP， corresponding to 226 targets. Among them， there were 37 core targets including AKT1， MAPK3， IL-6， VEGFA， and CASP3， and 15 core compounds， such as quercetin， kaempferol， naringin， stigmasterol， 7-methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone. Total 1 331 (P<0.05) and 65 pathways (P<0.05) were obtained by GO analysis and KEGG analysis. The results of molecular docking showed that 15 core compounds had a good affinity with AKT1， MAPK3， IL-6， VEGFA and CASP3. CONCLUSION The pathways of BZYZP in the treatment of AD mainly involve the pathway of cancer， MAPK signal pathway， prostate cancer， neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction， calcium signal pathway. The results of this study may guide the elucidation of the mechanism of BZYZP in the treatment of AD.
Mechanisms of Combination ofAstragali Radix andSpatholobi Caulis in Treatment of Leukopenia Based on Network Pharmacology
LINFei, HUANGDan, CHENTing-ting, YANGHan, CUIShu-na, LIShi-hua
2020, 36(6): 882-887.
[Abstract](547) [PDF 1891KB](511)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To investigate the molecular mechanism ofAstragali Radix andSpatholobi Caulis in the treatment of leukopenia by network pharmacology approaches. METHODS The chemical active components ofAstragali Radix andSpatholobi Caulis were collected by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology （TCMSP） Database， while the target genes for leukopenia and active components were collected by Genecards and CTD databases. The drug targets were mapped to disease targets， the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) of compound-disease was established. The hub genes of the PPI network were screened out. The compound-disease targets network model was visualized by Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and KEGG signaling pathway analysis were generated by DAVID database. RESULTS 19 active components ofAstragali Radix andSpatholobi Caulis， and 108 common targets in treatment of leukopenia were obtained. The core targets were PIK3CA， IL-6， TNF， IL-2， IL-10. KEGG pathway enrichment showed multiple signaling pathways were involved， such as drug metabolism， cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction，hematopoietic cell lineage， JAK-STAT signaling pathway and so on. CONCLUSION The combination application ofAstragali Radix andSpatholobi Caulis in the treatment of leukopenia act on several key targets， such as PIK3CA， IL-6， TNF， IL-2， IL-10， to regulate cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction，drug metabolism， hematopoietic cell lineage and JAK-STAT signaling pathway.
Experience Analysis of Contemporary TCM Breast Cancer Experts in Treating Complications due to Breast Cancer Surgery
ZHUMing-yue, LYUZhi-gang
2020, 36(6): 888-891.
[Abstract](459) [PDF 1159KB](485)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To summarize and count the medical records of contemporary breast cancer experts in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treating complications due to breast cancer surgery， radiotherapy or chemotherapy， as well as analyze their medication rules. METHODS Through searching Traditional Chinese Medicine Oncology and other professional works on CNKI， Wanfang and VIP， the relevant cases that meet the inclusion criteria were found to extract information and analyze prescription drugs， syndrome differentiation， efficacy and other information. RESULTS Complications due to breast cancer surgery is deficiency in general and partly excess. Thus， the therapeutic principle was reinforcing healthy qi and dispelling pathogen， along with reinforcing healthy qi and eliminating pathogenic factors. The more frequently prescribed drugs were characterized by tonics supplemented with dissolving stasis and nourishing yin. As for the upper limbs swollen with qi and blood stasis as the main syndrome， it was often treated with activating blood， remove blood stasis and dredging collaterals， such as prescribing Taohong Siwu Decoction. If accompanied by dampness-heat stasis， heat-clearing and blood-activating would be the therapeutic methods， and modified Simiao Yongan decoction could be given. As to the radiation pneumonia with qi and yin deficiency， the patients would treated with nourishing yin， clearing the lungs， and moisturizing dryness， and prescriptions like Zengye decoction， or Nourishing Yin and Clearing Lung decoction were given. With regards to the digestive tract reactions with gastric deficiency and phlegm-qi adversity as the main syndrome， the therapeutic methods were regulating stomach and ascending qi， the prescription was Jupi Zhuru decoction or Xuanfu Daizhe decoction. When it came to myelosuppression with qi and blood deficiency as the main syndrome， the common treatments were to replenish qi and nourish blood with Renshen Yangrong decoction or Buzhong Yiqi decoction. For endocrine disorders with liver and kidney yin deficiency， the treatment was Liuwei Dihuang pills to nourish liver and kidney. If it was accompanied by mental dystrophy， Ganmai Dazao decoction and Qinggu powder were prescribed to nourish the heart and calm the mind. If it was accompanied by tumor metastasis， the prescription was Xianfang Huxing drink and Yanghe decoction to eliminate pathogenic factors and attack toxic substances. CONCLUSION The symptoms of complications due to breast cancer surgery， radiotherapy， or chemotherapy are complex and changeable. It is of great significance to grasp the evolution of symptoms and characteristics of prescriptions to take advantage of TCM treatment in this field.
Experience of Professor Gu Kuixing Diagnosing and Treating Esophagus Cancer
LI Zhipeng, LI Weibing, BAO Yuhua
2020, 36(6): 892-894.
[Abstract](385) [PDF 1130KB](310)
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The paper introduced professor Gu Kuixing's experience in diagnosing and treating esophagus cancer. It was regarded that esophagus cancer was a symptom of rootdeficiency and branchexcess. Deficiency of healthy qi and dysfunction of zangfu organs were the pathological base while binding of phlegmstasis and accumulation of cancer toxin were the keypoints. As for the treatment， it was highlighted that regulating middlejiao of spleen and stomach， combined with dissolving phlegm and removing stasis， softening hardness and dissipating masses， and clearing heat and resolving toxins. In addition， differentiation of disease and symptoms should be combined and in different stages， targeted diagnosis and treatment should be applied and prescription should be in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Master Zou Yanqin's Experience of Treating Kidney Diseases Through Unblocking with Acrid Herbs
XU Jing, ZHONG Yu
2020, 36(6): 895-896.
[Abstract](396) [PDF 1118KB](448)
Abstract:
Professor Zou Yanqin, a distinguished nephrologist from Menghe medical school and master of traditional Chinese medicine, emphasized the application of treating kidney diseases through unblocking with acrid herbs to activating qi and blood, thus restoring kidney qi transformation and regulating body fluid metabolism. As for the syndrome differentiation and prescription, it was embodied as diffusing lung and promoting urination, dredging diarrhea and unblocking the collaterals, thus diffusing the triple energizer, removing dampness and unblocking the collaterals to expel stones, thus embodied the principle of treating disease from the root in Chinese medicine.
Research on the Compatible Features of Prescriptions in Treating COVID-19 Based on Complex Network and PCA Dimension Reduction and K-Means Algorithm Clustering
NIYing, ZHANGYi-ming, FANXin-sheng, ZHOULi-ping, SHENJun-dong, WANGChong-jun
2020, 36(6): 897-901.
[Abstract](444) [PDF 4694KB](311)
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OBJECTIVE To explore the compatible characteristics of prescriptions in treating COVID-19. METHODS The traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatment programs for COVID-19 issued by the National and Provincial Health Commission and National Administration of TCM， as well as the publicly published literature of Chinese and English database documents were collected. The compatible characteristics and core herbs were analyzed by data-mining methods including association rules， complex herb network， as well as drug clustering by PCA dimension reduction and K-Means algorithm. RESULTS A total of 639 prescriptions were included， involving 237 Chinese herbs. The results of frequent itemsets showed that Chinese herbs with high support were Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma， Armeniacae semen amarum， Ephedrae herba， Gypsum fibrosum， Scutellariae radix， Pinelliae rhizoma， Pogostemonis herba， Poria， Citri reticulatae pericarpium， Atractylodis rhizoma， Magnoliae officinalis cortex， Forsythiae fructucs， etc. The functions were dispersing and lowering lung qi， resolving dampness with aroma， as well as clearing lung and detoxifying， etc. The herb pairs and groups with high support mainly concentrated on the compatibility among Ephedrae herba， Armeniacae semen amarum， Gypsum fibrosum and Scutellariae radix， the compatibility among Poria， Pinelliae rhizoma， Pogostemonis herba and Citri reticulatae pericarpium， etc. The frequent and relevant results showed that some Chinese herbs worked closely with each other even with low support such as herb pairs composed from Aconiti lateralis radix praeparata， Corni fructus， Ginseng radix et rhizoma， Tsaoko fructus， Arecae semen， etc. The complex network results showed that the core herbs were Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma， Armeniacae semen amarum， Ephedrae herba， Gypsum fibrosum and Scutellariae radix， which formed complex network relationship with Magnoliae officinalis cortex， Atractylodis rhizoma， Tsaoko fructus， Arecae semen， Poria， Forsythiae fructucs， Pinelliae rhizoma， Pogostemonis herba， Citri reticulatae pericarpium， etc. 6 kinds of drug groups were gathered out with cluster analysis， which had the compatibility characteristics of clearing heat and removing toxicity in the lung， resolving dampness with aromatics， etc. CONCLSION Combined with different data mining methods， the characteristics of medication and compatibility in treating COVID-19 can be reflected from multiple angles， providing a basis for TCM in treating epidemic diseases.
Mechanism of Preventing and Treating COVID-19 with Traditional Chinese Medicine
TAO Jia-lei, LIN Li-li, SHEN Cun-si, XIE Tong, ZHAO Xia, WANG Shou-chuan, SHAN Jin-jun, JI Jian-jian
2020, 36(6): 902-906.
[Abstract](563) [PDF 1176KB](577)
Abstract:
nbsp;The prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) represented by Qingfei Paidu Decoction played an important role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Treatment practice of COVID-19 showed that early intervention of TCM was considerable in improving the cure rate， shortening the course， delaying disease progression， and reducing mortality rate， but the mechanisms were unclear. Based on the pathophysiological characteristics of current COVID-19 patients， we summarized the potential pathogenesis of COVID-19， which would be helpful in research of TCM against COVID-19.
Study on the Potential Material Basis and Molecular Mechanism of Liushen Capsule on the Treatment of COVID-19 Through the Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
MAQin-hai, CHENRui-han, YANGZi-feng
2020, 36(6): 907-914.
[Abstract](445) [PDF 4542KB](310)
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OBJECTIVE To explore the potential material basis and molecular mechanism of Liushen Capsule on inhibiting COVID-19 through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. METHODS The effective monomers and targets of realgar， calculus bovis artifacts， borneolum， bufonis venenum and moschus in Liushen Capsule were searched with the help of the network pharmacology databases. Based on UniProt database and Cytoscape 3.6.1 software， the gene corresponding to the target was queried， and the network of traditional Chinese medicine-effective ingredients-effective target was constructed. GO， KEGG， Reactome enrichment analysis were carried out by Metascape platform to predict the mechanism of action. Molecular docking of the top 15 monomers was carried out in the medicinal material-compound-target network with SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase， angiotensin-converting enzyme Ⅱ (ACE2)， and SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). RESULTS The network of TCM-active ingredients-effective targets included 5 herbs， 136 compounds and 2 082 targets. The key targets were PTGS2、ESR1、PLA2G1B and PTGS1. The function enrichment analysis of GO was 495 (P<0.05)， of which there were 287 biological processes (BP)， and 96 related items of cell composition (CC)， and 112 molecular function (MF) items. There were 107 signal pathways (P<0.05) in the KEGG pathway enrichment screening， which mainly involved cancer pathway， neuroactive ligand receptor interaction， cell growth， metabolism， apoptosis related pathway， immunity and inflammation. There were 85 signal pathways (P<0.05) in the Reactome pathway enrichment screening， which were mainly involved in nervous system， G protein coupling， interleukin signal， receptor tyrosine kinase signal and gene transcription. The results of molecular docking showed that the affinity of ergotamine， ursolic acid， chenodeoxycholic acid and other core active compounds in Liushen Capsule with SARS-CoV-2 3CL and ACE2 was similar to that of clinically recommended chemicals. CONCLUSION The active compounds in Liushen Capsule， ergotamine， ursolic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid， may regulate multiple signal pathways by binding to ACE2 to act on targets such as PTGS2， ESR1， PLA2G1B and PTGS1， thereby inhibit SARS-CoV-2.
Research Progress on Mechanism of TCM Intervention in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury
LIQing-feng, LIWen-ting, LIMu-han, WUMian-hua
2020, 36(6): 915-920.
[Abstract](448) [PDF 1214KB](366)
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Radiation-induced lung injury is one of the common complications of radiotherapy for thoracic cancer. Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention has achieved good therapeutic effect， which can reduce the incidence and relieve the severity of the complication. There are many clinical studies on radiation-induced lung injury， but there are a few experimental studies and lack of systematic review. By sorting out and summarizing the current experimental research literatures on the mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention on radiation-induced lung injury， this paper reviewed the four aspects of target cells， immune balance， inflammatory factors and fibrosis factors， hoping to provide the basis for the clinical treatment of radiation-induced lung injury.
Discussion on the Selection and Application of Animal Models of Low Back Pain Based on Chinese Manipulation Analgesia
LYUZhi-zhen, KONGLing-jun, YAOChong-jie, GUOGuang-xin, ZHOUXin, ZHANGShuai-pan, FANGMin
2020, 36(6): 921-925.
[Abstract](435) [PDF 1183KB](309)
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Low back pain (LBP) is one of the common clinical symptoms in waist diseases. The research on the analgesia of low back pain by Chinese manipulation has made good achievements in recent years， providing a basis for studying the analgesic mechanism of Chinese manipulation treatment of low back pain and exploring scientific research methods. Currently， several animal models have been applied to low back pain research，mainly including neuropathic pain and chronic inflammation pain such as CCD， SNL， ELFS， and adjuvant injection model.The author compared and analyzed four animal models of low back pain， and summarized the characteristics of the modeling methods and clinical application， in order to provide reference for future experimental research.
Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sticking Therapy in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
MA Zhen-yuan, MO Hui
2020, 36(6): 926-930.
[Abstract](617) [PDF 1181KB](449)
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Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a kind of chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and secondary bone hyperplasia. A large number of clinical studies showed that TCM external treatment such as sticking therapy had a significant effects on KOA without obvious side effects， low price and easy operation， and was worthy of in-depth study. This article will discuss the syndrome differentiation， treatment strategy， curative effect advantages and mechanism of TCM application in the treatment of KOA， so as to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of KOA.

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