2020 Vol. 36, No. 4

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Discussion on the Syndrome Differentiation System in Traditional Chinese Medicine Embodied with Modern Biomarkers
ZHAO Zhi-qiang, ZHOU Zhong-ying
2020, 36(4): 429-432.
[Abstract](756) [PDF 1115KB](870)
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Since the mass application of modern human detection instruments， the appearance of biomarkers had a great impact on traditional syndrome differentiation system， effect evaluation， treatment requests， resulting in cognitive confusion， treatment dilemma， controversial effects， and the lack of theories. Based on this， the paper proposed that the key approach of solving the above problems lies in the studies of systematic and normative syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)， disclosing the pathogenesis and etiology on biomarkers， which can bring evidences for syndrome differentiation and therapeutic targets， and then provide guidance for TCM clinical prescription and effect evaluation in order to integrate modern biomarkers into TCM syndrome differentiation system. These studies have crucial significance in enriching clinical data， expanding syndrome differentiation scope， strengthening disease prevention， apprehending the disease accurately， deepening the understanding of pathogenesis， assisting TCM diagnosis， manifesting TCM advantages， and promoting academic development.
Discussion on the Function of Rectifying Spleen in Preventing the Pestilences
WANG Jing-yang, ZHAN Li-bin
2020, 36(4): 433-437.
[Abstract](683) [PDF 1128KB](640)
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The deficiency and sufficiency of the spleen is a significant factor in preventing and treating pestilences. This paper summarized the experiences of preventing and treating pestilences and held that the experience of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preventing the pestilences has undergone a process from the theory of cold damage disease to warm disease. As for the therapeutic method of rectifying spleen to treat the pestilences， it was warming spleen and supplementing qi in Qin and Han dynasty， drying dampness and fortifying the spleen in Jin and Tang dynasty， draining heat with cold-cool medicine and boosting spleen yin and attacking pathogen and clearing spleen in Song， Jin， and Yuan dynasty， along with diffusing， venting and removing pathogen with aromatic medicine， clearing up turbidity and awakening the spleen， and restoring qi movement in Ming and Qing dynasty. Based on the incidence， therapeutic method， and prescription of the pestilence， this paper has concluded with the therapeutic thought of rectifying spleen throughout， that is， tonifying spleen and strengthening defensive qi in the prevention stage， activating spleen and dispelling pathogen in the treatment stage， nourishing spleen and reinforcing healthy qi.
Clinical Study of Bushen Cupailuan Decoction in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients with Kidney Deficiency Symptom in vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer
GUOYin-hua, TONGXing-li, TANYong
2020, 36(4): 438-443.
[Abstract](627) [PDF 1164KB](471)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of Bushen Cupailuan decoction on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients with kidney deficiency symptom in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). METHODS 50 PCOS patients with kidney deficiency symptom who were given long protocol in luteal phase with IVF-ET were enrolled. They were divided into the treatment group and the control group， with 25 cases each group. The treatment group was given Bushen Cupailuan decoction and life guidance for three cycles， followed by the cycle of long protocol in luteal phase with IVF-ET. The control group was given a three-cycle life guidance before the cycle of long protocol in luteal phase with IVF-ET. The serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)， testosterone (T)， luteinizing hormone (LH)， body mass index (BMI)， acne and hirsutism score， and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score in the two groups were observed. After IVF-ET， the number of ovums harvested， total gonadotropin (GN)， GN days， 2PN rate， 2PN cleavage rate， high qualified embryo rate， moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate， frozen embryo transfer (FET) clinical pregnancy rate and early miscarriage rate were compared. RESULTS After treatment， as for the treatment group， the levels of serum AMH， T， LH and TCM syndrome score decreased significantly compared with levels before treatment. The acne and hirsutism scores in the treatment group were improved significantly compared with those before treatment. The GN days and total GN were lower than those in the control group. The 2PN rate， cleavage rate， and high qualified embryo rate were higher than those in the control group， which had statitistical differences (P<0.01). The incidence of OHSS was lower than that in the control group. The clinical pregnancy rate of frozen embryo transplantation was higher than that in the control group， and the early miscarriage rate was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION In terms of PCOS patients， Bushen Cupailuan decoction can effectively improve the basic endocrine hormones， ovum quality， the embryonic rate and the clinical pregnancy rate. In addition， it can reduce the miscarriage rate， the number of days and total amount of gonadotropins and the incidence of OHSS.
Clinical Observation on Wuji Powder Combined with Clomiphene in Treating Infertility Induced by Phlegm-Dampness Type Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
ZHANGYuan, WANGYu-ji, LIUBing-yi, LIShu-ping
2020, 36(4): 444-448.
[Abstract](685) [PDF 1144KB](452)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of Wuji powder combined with clomiphene in the treatment of infertility caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome in phlegm and dampness pattern. METHODS Eighty patients with infertility caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome in phlegm and dampness pattern admitted in our hospital from February 2018 to October 2018 were enrolled as the research object. They were divided into 2 groups， 40 cases of each group. The control group was treated with clomiphene， and the research group was treated with Wuji powder combined with clomiphene for 3 menstrual cycles. The ovulation rates， pregnancy rates， miscarriage rates， proportions of Th1 and Th2， traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores， and clinical efficacy in the two groups were compared. RESULTS After treatment， the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05)， while the miscarriage rate was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The ratios of Th1 and Th1/Th2 of the two groups decreased (P<0.01)， while the improvement of inflammation factor in the research group was better than that in the control group (P<0.01). The score of TCM syndrome in the research group after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.01). The research group was better than the control group (P<0.01). The clinical efficacy of the research group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with clomiphene alone， the clinical effect of Wuji powder combined with clomiphene in treating infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome in phlegm and dampness pattern has more significant efficacy. It can effectively increase the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate， decrease the miscarriage rate， and improve the clinical TCM symptoms. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of inflammatory factor levels.
Clinical Study on Jueyin Granule Treating Psoriasis Vulgaris with Blood Heat Symptom
ZHUPeng, ZHOUWen-li, DUXue-yang, ZHENGTing, LIUJing, GUOFei-fei, NIUFan-hong, HEXin-yu, WANGSi-nong
2020, 36(4): 449-453.
[Abstract](678) [PDF 1230KB](550)
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OBSJECTIVE To discuss the clinical study on Jueyin Granule in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris with blood heat symptom and its significance on changing peripheral blood interferon-γ (IFN-γ) level and leukocyte interleukin-23 (IL-23) level. METHODS 76 patients with blood heat symptom admitted in the Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 38 cases each. The control group was given Qingdai Compound Capsule while the observation group Jueyin Granule. Besides， calcipotriol was given to both groups. The observed indicators included the psoriasis area and severity index score (PASI score)， IFN-γ level， IL-23 level and the recurrence rate of two groups. RESULTS After treatment， PASI score decreased in both groups (P<0.01) and that in the observation group were lower (P<0.01). The effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of IFN-γ and IL-23 in the two groups were both lower than that before treatment (P<0.01) and those in the observation group decreased more (P<0.05， P<0.01). All the patients were followed up for 6 months and it showed that the recurrence rate in the observation group was lower (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Jueyin Granule has significant efficacy in decreasing psoriasis vulgaris patients' PASI score， IFN-γ level， IL-23 level and the recurrence rate.
Clinical Observation on the Effects of Qizhu Formula in Improving Postoperative Symptoms of Early Gastric Cancer and Preventing the Recurrence of Gastric Cancer
LU Xi-rong, PENG Hui-ping, XU Qian-fei, XU Jin-kang
2020, 36(4): 454-457.
[Abstract](592) [PDF 1126KB](836)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy of Qizhu formula in improving qi and yin deficiency symptoms after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for patients with early gastric cancer and preventing the recurrence of gastric cancer. METHODS 84 patients with early gastric cancer who had deficiency of qi and yin symptoms were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 expulsion cases， 39 cases in the treatment group and 39 cases in the control group after ESD. The control group was treated with Weifuchun pills， while the treatment group was treated with Qizhu decoction for one year. Clinical recurrence rate， gastroscopy erosions， pathological scores， traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) changes were observed in the 2 groups. RESULTS After the treatment， the recurrence rate was lower in the treatment group than that in the control group (5.13% vs 20.51%， P<0.05). Compared with the control group， the treatment group had less clinical symptoms (P<0.01)， erosions (P<0.05)， lower pathological scores (P<0.05) and CEA (P<0.05)， as well as significant relieves in stomachache， poor digestion and acid reflux symptoms (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Qizhu decoction can improve clinical symptoms， reduce gastric mucosal erosion， intestinal metaplasia and hyperplasia， and reduce the recurrence rate of gastric cancer with a remarkable therapeutic effect.
Observation on Effect of Jinyu Lianchuang Ointment on Pressure Injury in Patients with Severe Heart Failure
WANGQi, SUNXue-mei, LINYan, WANGXin-dong, HUZheng-li
2020, 36(4): 458-462.
[Abstract](552) [PDF 1137KB](407)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of Jinyu Lianchuang ointment for the treatment of pressure injury (PI) in patients with severe heart failure. METHODS 309 patients with severe heart failure from December 2015 to September 2019 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into the control group (152 cases) and Chinese medicine group (157 cases). In addition to regular debridement and antibacterial treatment， the Chinese medicine group was given Jinyu Lianchuang ointment and the control group was given Mepilex silver dressings. After 21 days of treatment， improvement of the pressure injury healing score (PUSH score)， wound healing time， 21 day wound healing rate， clinical treatment effect， pain， heart function， and changes in serum inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6)， hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP)， and N-terminal B-type diuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP) were measured. RESULTS After treatment， compared with the control group， the rate of stage Ⅰ PI patients with severe heart failure progressing to stageⅡ-Ⅳwas significantly reduced in the Chinese medicine group (P<0.05) . The 21-day total effective rate of the Chinese medicine group of PI patients in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05)， and the wound healing time of patients in the Chinese medicine group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05). The PUSH scores of wound surface and VAS pain scores in the Chinese medicine group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05)， and the levels of IL-6， hsCRP and NT-ProBNP in the Chinese medicine group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05， P<0.01). CONCLUSION Jinyu Lianchuang ointment is effective in preventing and treating pressure injury in patients with severe heart failure. It can effectively shorten the healing time of the wound surface， reduce pain， control inflammation and improve cardiac function.
Clinical Study on the Efficacy of Hewei Yuyang Formula Combined with Omeprazole on the Postoperative Ulcer Induced by Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Patients with Spleen Deficiency and Heat Constraint
LIN Guan-kai, LI Bao-liang, YE Xiao-feng, ZHANG Qi
2020, 36(4): 463-466.
[Abstract](546) [PDF 1129KB](414)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of the Hewei Yuyang formula combined with Omeprazole on the postoperative ulcers induced by gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for patients with spleen deficiency and heat constraint. METHODS Sixty post-operative ulcer patients with spleen deficiency and heat constraint type induced by gastric ESD were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given Omeprazole while the treatment group was given Omeprazole and Hewei Yuyang formula for four weeks. After treatment， the ulcer area reduction rates， the ulcer regenerated mucosal histological maturity， serum prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels， and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores were compared. RESULTS After treatment， the ulcer area reduction rates in the two groups were decreased (P<0.05)， and the reduction rate in the treatment group decreased more significantly (P<0.05). The ulcer regenerated mucosal histological maturity in the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Serum PGE2 levels in two groups were higher than those before treatment while the TCM syndrome scores were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05)， and the treatment group showed more significant differences (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Hewei Yuyang formula combined with Omeprazole has exact efficacy on the postoperative ulcer induced by gastric ESD for patients with spleen deficiency and heat constraint. The combined therapy can significantly speed up the healing of ulcers， improve the quality of healing， and relieve clinical symptoms with higher safety.
Exploring the Impact of Multi-Component Extracts from Loquat Leaves on Different Disorders
ZHANGYuan-jiao, ZHANGYue, CHENYu-xuan, GUOMeng-jie, HOUWei, JUJian-ming, YANGYe
2020, 36(4): 467-471.
[Abstract](691) [PDF 1519KB](543)
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OBJECTIVE To extract polysaccharides， flavonoids and triterpene acids from Loquat leaves and evaluate their anti-inflammatory， antioxidant and anti-tumor activities， respectively. METHODS The polysaccharides were prepared by water extraction and ethanol precipitation. The supernatant after ethanol precipitation was used for the enrichment of flavonoids， and residues after water extraction were collected to extract triterpene acids with 90% ethanol reflux extraction. The effect of Loquat leaf polysaccharides on the expression of PAI-1 in TGF-β1-treated murine mesangial cells was detected by Western blot. The antioxidant activity of flavonoids was evaluated by ABTS radical scavenging assay. The effect of triterpene acids on the proliferation of myeloma cell line (ARP1) was examined by MTT assay and the weight of subcutaneous mouse tumors. RESULTS The results showed that the contents of polysaccharides， flavonoids and triterpene acids were 19.53， 48.70， 7.86 g/kg. The polysaccharides could inhibit the expression of PAI-1 in TGF-β1-treated murine mesangial cells. The flavonoids showed an antioxidant activity at the concentration of 75-150 μg/mL. The IC50 value of total triterpene acids on ARP1 cells was 11.57 μg/mL， and it could inhibit the growth of subcutaneous tumors in mice. CONCLUSION Polysaccharides have therapeutic effects on nephritis. Flavonoids and triterpene acids possess anti-oxidation and anti-tumor effects， respectively. Our findings provide supporting evidence for further utilization of Loquat leaves.
The Improvement of Atherosclerosis from Zexieyin by Regulating Cholesterol Metabolism in the Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice
ZHAIYi, PANXiao-ye, WUHao-xin
2020, 36(4): 472-477.
[Abstract](644) [PDF 1584KB](499)
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OBJECTIVE To explore the effect and mechanism of Zexieyin on the degree of artery lumen lesion and blood lipid level in ApoE-/- mice model of atherosclerosis. METHODS Male ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into four groups: the high-fat diet group (HFD)， the low-dose ZXY group (LZXY)， the high-dose ZXY group (HZXY) and the atorvastatin group (ATO) as positive control group. All the above groups were fed a high-fat diet. Another blank control group (Con) was administrated only a normal diet. The levels of the serum total cholesterol (TC)， triglyceride (TG)， low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) were measured. The lesions of aortic arch root were observed by Oil Red O staining. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of Liver X receptor (LXR) α， cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase A1 (CYP7A1)， ATP-binding cassettes (ABC) G5 and ABCG8 in the liver， and LXR α， Niemann-pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1)， sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP-2)， ABCG5 and ABCG8 in the small intestine. RESULTS The results showed that compared with the high-fat diet group， ZXY could significantly improve the blood lipid level and attenuate the atherosclerotic lesions in a dose-dependent manner. In the liver of mice， the expression levels of LXR-α， CYP7A1， ABCG5 and ABCG8 were significantly increased by ZXY. In the small intestine of mice， ZXY increased the expression levels of LXR-α， ABCG5 and ABCG8， and inhibited the expression levels of NPC1L1 and SREBP2. CONCLUSION ZXY can effectively inhibit the progression of AS and alleviate the blood lipid level， and its mechanism might be related to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption and the promotion of cholesterol excretion， which indicates that ZXY has potential value for prevention and treatment of AS.
Effects of Xiaomudan Granules on the Expressions of FXR and ApoM in Rats with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
HUANGQian, LIUYong-gang, LIJing-tao, WEIHai-liang, YANShu-guang, ZHANGHai-bo, CHANGZhan-jie
2020, 36(4): 478-484.
[Abstract](586) [PDF 2405KB](484)
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect of Xiaomudan Granule in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and to observe the effect of Xiaomudan Granule on the expression of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and apolipoprotein M (ApoM)， and to explore its mechanism. METHODS A total of 60 SD rats were divided into normal group， model group， Xiaomudan Granule treatment groups (low， middle and high treatment group)， polyene phosphatidylcholine group according to body weight. Except the normal group， the remaining 50 rats were treated with high fat diet for 12 weeks to induce NAFLD rat model. After the success of the model， the corresponding drugs were given by i.g. administration. Serum lipids and liver tissue were taken after 4-week of administration. Body mass and liver wet weight of rats were measured and liver index was calculated. HE and Oil Red O staining were used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue. Serum lipids and liver function were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of FXR and ApoM in liver tissues were observed by immunohistochemistry， the mRNA expression levels of FXR and ApoM in liver tissues were detected by qPCR technology. The protein expression levels of the above-mentioned genes in liver were detected by Western blot. RESULTS After the intervention of Xiaomudan Granule， the levels of ALT， AST， TC， TG and LDL-C were significantly reduced and HDL-C was increased. The mRNA expressions of FXR and ApoM in the liver were enhanced， compared with the model group (P<0.05， P<0.01). CONCLUSION Xiaomudan Granule can regulate lipid metabolism and improve lipid deposition in NAFLD rat liver， and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of FXR and its related gene ApoM.
Effect and Mechanism of Emodin on Apoptosis and Cycle of HCT116 Cells
ZHANGHao-yue, ZHAOBei, ZHANGYang
2020, 36(4): 485-488.
[Abstract](627) [PDF 1656KB](494)
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of emodin on human colon cancer cell line HCT116 and its molecular mechanism. METHODS The inhibitory effects of emodin on the viability of HCT116 cells were measured by CCK8 assay. Apoptosis rates of HCT116 cells were determined by flow cytometry. The cell cycle and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the fluorescent probe DCF-DA were detected by flow cytometry. The protein levels of Bax，Bcl-2，p-ERK1/2，ERK1/2 and c-Myc were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Treatment with emodin of 0， 25， 50， 100， 200， 300 μmol/L for 24 h significantly reduced the viability of HCT116 cells. Emodin promoted the apoptosis of HCT116 cells， blocked cell growth cycle in G0/G1 phase and induced the production of ROS， significantly. Western blot results showed that emodin promoted the up-regulation of Bax/Bcl-2 expression and inhibited the expression of c-Myc and p-ERK/ERK. CONCLUSION Emodin inhibits the proliferation of HCT116 cells， promotes cell apoptosis， induces cell cycle arrest in G1/G0 phase and ROS production， by promoting Bax/Bcl-2 expression and inhibiting c-Myc， p-ERK/ERK expression.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 Signaling Pathway in Skeletal Muscle of Obese Rats
GONG Mei-rong, CAO Chen, CHEN Feng-li, SUN Yi-nong
2020, 36(4): 489-493.
[Abstract](609) [PDF 1235KB](525)
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OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on adenylate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signal pathway in skeletal muscle of obese rats， and to explore the mechanism of EA treatment for weight loss and fat loss. METHODS 30 SPF SD male rats （3 weeks） were randomly divided into normal group (n=6) and high-fat group (n=24). The model was established by feed on a high fat diet. The obese rats (n=12) were randomly divided into model group (n=6) and EA group (n=6). The body weight， fat weight and serum lipid levels of each group were measured. The levels of AMPKα1， ACC， CPT-1 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle were examined with qPCR. The expression levels of AMPK phosphorylation， ACC phosphorylation and CPT-1 in skeletal muscle were determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Compared with the normal group，the body weight of the model group significantly increased， which showed that the model was successfully established. Compared with the model group， the body weight， visceral fat weight and blood lipid of EA group significantly decreased， and the mRNA expression of AMPKα1， ACC and CPT-1 in skeletal muscle in the EA group significantly increased. The phosphorylation levels of AMPK and ACC significantly increased in EA group. Furthermore， the expression level of CPT-1 protein increased in EA group. CONCLUSION EA can reduce the body weight and improve lipid metabolism of obese rats. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 signaling pathway in skeletal muscle.
Protective Effect and Mechanism of Compound Yishen Jiedu Decoction on Acute Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
JIAYue-jun, ZUOWen-ren, SUXue-lin, TANGJing-yuan, HEYao-shu, WANGShi-yan, SUJian, ZHOUEn-chao, ZHUQing-yi
2020, 36(4): 494-497.
[Abstract](586) [PDF 1354KB](613)
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of compound Yishen Jiedu decoction on acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS 48 male rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham surgery group， renal ischemia-reperfusion group (RIR group)， Yishen jiedu decoction plus renal ischemia-reperfusion group (Drug+RIR group)， and curcumin plus renal ischemia-reperfusion group (Cur+RIR group). Blood samples were collected from the fundus vein at 24 h and 96 h after surgery to compare the serum levels of creatinine （Scr） and urea nitrogen （BUN） in each group. The renal tissues were collected 24 h after surgery， and the renal injury scores of each group were compared. NF-κB levels in Sham surgery group， RIR group and Drug+RIR group were compared. RESULTS Compared with the sham surgery group， serum Scr， BUN， and renal tubular injury scores in RIR group， Drug+RIR group and Cur+RIR group were all increased. Serum Scr， BUN and renal injury scores of the Drug+RIR group were higher than those of the Cur+RIR group， but were significantly lower than those of the RIR group (P<0.05). And compared the serum Scr and BUN of 96h affer surgery， the renal function of the Drug+RIR group recovered faster than RIR group. CONCLUSION Compound Yishen Jiedu decoction has obvious protective effect on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats， and its mechanism may be related to NF-κB related inflammatory factors.
Network Pharmacology Research of Huanglian in Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Hyperandrogenism
HE Shan, NING Yan, JIANG Shao-yan, LIU Da-yan, WU Fang-ting, HOU Hai-ruo, DENG Shao-jie
2020, 36(4): 498-503.
[Abstract](643) [PDF 1528KB](451)
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OBJECTIVE To explore the material basis and mechanism of Huanglian in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome with hyperandrogenism （PCOS-HA） based on network pharmacology. METHODS With the help of TCMSP to collect the compounds and effective targets of Huanglian， the compound-target network was constructed by Cytoscape software， the disease targets of the data screening of GeneCards， OMIM and CTD were collected， and the effective targets of the drug were analyzed by Venny to determine the intersection targets. The target protein interaction network was constructed with String database， and the gene function GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out by DAVID database. RESULTS 11 active compounds， 111 drug targets， 370 disease targets and 37 intersecting targets were obtained. The PPI network involved 30 protein nodes， with key targets including FOS， JUN， IL-6， MAPK1， NCOA2， CCL2， ESR1. GO functional enrichment analysis was mainly related to positive regulation of transcription， response to drug， transcription initiation from RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter， aging and so on. 46 KEGG Access were mainly involved TNF signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The network pharmacology confirms the multi-component， multi-target and multi-pathway action characteristics of huanglian which predicts the possible mechanism of it in the treatment of PCOS-HA， and provides theoretical basis for further study of the active ingredients and mechanism.
Study on Antioxidation of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide
SHUYe-ting, GAOJie, PENGWen-xiao, LIYu, GUWei, DONGJie, CHENJun
2020, 36(4): 504-508.
[Abstract](819) [PDF 1836KB](753)
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OBJECTIVE To study the antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides(GLP)， and to provide scientific basis for its application of anti-aging cosmetics. METHODS Chemical method was used to evaluate the total reducing ability， hydroxy radical and DPPH free radical scavenging ability of GLP. The anti-lipid peroxidation ability of GLP was investigated with respect to the production of peroxid and malondialdehyde. The effects of GLP on the protective effect of H2O2-induced oxidative damage on HaCaT cells was investigated by in vitro cell experiments. The effects of lab-made GLP emulsion on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity， malondialdehyde (MDA)， and hydroxyproline (Hyp) contents in the skin of D-galactose subacute mouse aging model were investigated in vivo. RESULTS The reducing ability and the ability to scavenge two radicals above were concentration-dependent. At the same time， it showed that GLP could inhibit the production of lipid peroxidation products. At 60 h， the peroxide produced by GLP liposomes were one-ninth of that of blank liposomes， and the production of malondialdehyde were one-third of it. Furthermore， GLP had a protective effect on H2O2 induced oxidatively damaged HaCaT cells (P<0.01)， and the protective effect was enhanced with increasing polysaccharide concentration. The results of animal experiments showed that the SOD activity in the skin was significantly higher than that in the model group (P<0.05) after applying low-dose homemade GLP emulsion to the skin of mice; when applied at high doses， the MDA content decreased significantly and the Hyp content increased significantly (P<0.05)， the antioxidant capacity of lab-made GLP emulsion is slightly better than the commercially available emulsion. CONCLUSION The antioxidative activity of GLP was evaluated at multiple levels， and GLP emulsions with anti-aging effects were initially prepared， which provided a research basis for the development of GLP anti-aging cosmetics.
Development of a BmK Scorpion Quality Control Technology Based on Toxin Peptide BmK NaTx-13
CHENYong-gen, SANGMing, LUWu-guang, WANGMing-yuan, LIUJin-man, CHENSheng-jun, LISong, HUChun-ping, WANGQi, CAOPeng
2020, 36(4): 509-516.
[Abstract](544) [PDF 4983KB](382)
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OBJECTIVE To develop a BmK Scorpion quality control technology based on toxin peptide. METHODS In this study， a novel sodium channel toxin BmK NaTx-13 was isolated from BV， and the specific polyclonal antibody against BmK NaTx-13 was obtained by immunizing rabbits. RESULTS A competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on BmK NaTx-13 specific antibody could detect the content of BmK NaTx-13 in the processed BmK scorpion extract and showed a good linear concentration dependent. CONCLUSION This research provided a rapid immunoassay method for establishing the quality detection processed BmK scorpion， and provided an insight for improving the quality standard of whole scorpion medicine.
UPLC-QTOF-MS Analysis and Multicomponent Quantitative Analysis of Cayratia Japonica
XUQian-qian, BAOBei-hua, ZHANGLi, ZHAOXue-long, TANXuan-zhong, LIWen
2020, 36(4): 517-524.
[Abstract](673) [PDF 1714KB](518)
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OBJECTIVE To qualitative analysis of the chemical constituents of Cayratia japonica and establish a quantitative analysis method for the main components. METHODS ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 chromatographic columns (2.1 mm×50 mm， 1.8 μm) were selected， acetonitrile (B)-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (A) was used as mobile phase for gradient elution， a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min， mass spectrometry using electrospray (ESI) ion source to collect data in positive and negative ion mode.The results were analyzed by PeakView software. Then according to the relative retention time， excimer ion peak and fragment ion peak of the compound， the chemical composition was analyzed according to the reference material and related literature. The quantitative analysis of four main components (luteolin-7-O-glucoside， apigenin-7-O-glucoside， luteolin， apigenin) were established. RESULTS A total of 31 chemical constituents were identified in Cayratia japonica， including 7 flavonoids and their glycosides， 3 coumarins， 7 terpenoids and triterpenoids， 7 fatty acid esters and 8 other classes. The contents of luteolin-7-O-glucoside， apigenin-7-O-glucoside， luteolin and apigenin in three batches of Cayratia japonica were 0.061%~0.15%， 0.077%~0.14%， 0.011%~0.028% and 0.020%~0.062%， respectively. CONCLUSION This method can analyze quickly and accurately the constituents of Cayratia japonica and the quantitative analysis method could be used for quality control of Cayratia japonica.
Study on Preparation Technology and Release in vitro of Cangai Oil Transfersomes
ZHANGKun, XIONGLei, LIDan-ye, GAOJia-ju, CAIJun-fei, MAYun-shu
2020, 36(4): 525-530.
[Abstract](536) [PDF 1609KB](573)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To study the preparation of Cangai oil transfersomes and investigate its release behavior in vitro. METHODS Cangai oil transfersomes was prepared by using the thin-film ultrasonic method and taking sodium cholate and propanediol as membrane softeners. The encapsulation rate was determined by petroleum-ether-extraction and UV method. The release and transdermal penetration behavior of Cangai oil transfersomes in vitro were investigated by HPLC while eugenol was detected as the index component. RESULTS The average particle size of Cangai oil transfersomes prepared by the preferred formulation was (149±4.37) nm， and the polydispersity index was 0.189±0.024， encapsulation rate was (89±2.50)%， and the zeta potential value was (-42.95±1.78)mV. The results of release in vitro showed that the release of Cangai oil reached a steady state at about 6 hours， while Cangai oil transfersomes and Cangai oil liposomes continued to release for 12 hours. The results of percutaneous permeation in vitro showed that Cangai oil transfersomes had higher cumulative permeation than Cangai oil liposome and Cangai oil from 6 hours (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Cangai oil transfersomes prepared by optimized prescription has an integrated appearance and narrow particle size distribution. It not only increases the solubility of Cangai oil， but also has a certain slow-release effect， which is a potential transdermal drug delivery carrier. It can also significantly increase the transdermal efficiency of Cangai oil after transdermal administration in vitro， and it is a transdermal drug carrier with good potential.
Discussion on Diabetes and the COVID-19 from the Perspective of Spleen Deficiency and Dampness Excess
XIANGPing-ping, WANGXu, LIUChao
2020, 36(4): 531-533.
[Abstract](539) [PDF 1110KB](476)
Abstract:
COVID-19 is a global epidemic disease. This paper holds that diabetes and COVID-19 have a common endogenous basis for spleen deficiency. Besides， dampness is not only a pathological product in the course of disease development but also an important pathogenic factor. The clinical manifestations of diabetes patients are spleen deficiency and dampness excess， defensive qi lack of source， insecurity of defensive qi， susceptible to pathogenic factors， and then catch diseases， abnormal fluids transportation results in dampness invading lung. When diabetes patients caught COVID-19， the phlegm-dampness will attack the lung upward， which would aggravate symptoms such as cough， phlegm， and puff and increase the risk of poor prognosis and death. On this basis， spleen deficiency and dampness excess is the crucial factor for diabetes patients to catch COVID-19 and exacerbations.
2020, 36(4): 534-540.
[Abstract](437) [PDF 1171KB](647)
Abstract:
Meta-Analysis of Spleen-Invigorating Therapy for Ischemic Stroke
SONGYan-fang, QIAOZhan-ke, LIUXiang-zhe
2020, 36(4): 541-545.
[Abstract](622) [PDF 1513KB](498)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and functional recovery effects of spleen-invigorating therapy in the treatment of ischemic stroke. METHODS Domestic and foreign databases were searched to obtain clinical randomized controlled trials of invigorating spleen-related therapies to treat ischemic stroke. The Rev Man5.2 software was used for Meta-analysis. RESULTS 12 randomized controlled trials with 979 patients were enrolled.Meta-analysis showed that the clinical efficacy of the spleen-invigorating therapy for ischemic stroke was significantly greater than that of Western medicine alone (CSS score)[RR=1.22， 95%CI(1.09，1.37)， P<0.01]. Patients' neurological deficits was improved[MD= -2.83， 95%CI(-4.20-1.46)， P<0.001] (NIHSS score)， [MD=-4.17， 95%CI(-5.35-3.00)， P<0.001] (CSS score). The ADL-Barthel index score was notably ameliorated [MD=9.39， 95%CI(6.50， 12.29)， P<0.001]. COCLUSION Compared with conventional treatment， spleen-invigorating treatment can effectively improve clinical efficacy， recover neurological deficits caused by stroke， and improve patients' daily activities. However， due to the limitations of the research methodology and literature quality， this study still needs to be validated by more strictly designed clinical trials.
Systematic Evaluation of Acupuncture and Combined Therapies for Treating Reflux Esophagitis
YIYue, PEILi-xia, CHENHao, LIUYa-jun, GUPei-qing, CHENLu, SUNJian-hua
2020, 36(4): 546-551.
[Abstract](500) [PDF 1547KB](362)
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in reflux esophagitis (RE). METHODS Based on retrieving the clinical randomized controlled studies on acupuncture treatment of RE in CNKI， WANFANG， VIP， CBM， PubMed， Embase and Cochrane Library databases up to May 2019， the related literature was extracted and evaluated with Meta-analysis on Rev Man5.3. RESULTS A total of 13 studies with 1 120 patients were included. In terms of reducing the recurrence rate， acupuncture alone or combination of acupuncture and medicine was superior to Western medicine [acupuncture alone: RR=0.21， 95%CI(0.05， 0.87); acupuncture + Liujun Shugan Decoction: RR=0.44， 95%CI(0.27， 0.71); acupuncture + Banxia Xiexin Decoction: RR=0.29， 95%CI(0.14， 0.60); acupuncture + Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction and Zuojin Pill: RR=0.40， 95%CI(0.26， 0.62); acupuncture + self-prescribed Chinese medicine + microwave hyperthermia: RR=0.24， 95%CI(0.08， 0.66)]. In terms of endoscopic efficiency， electroacupuncture combined with Western medicine was better than Western medicine alone[RR=1.23， 95%CI(1.06， 1.41)]. In terms of reducing the symptom scores， the combination of acupuncture and medicine was more effective than Western medicine [acupuncture + Chinese medicine: RR=-1.73， 95%CI(-3.21， -0.25)， acupuncture + Chinese medicine + Western medicine: RR=-4.93， 95%CI(-5.52， -4.34)]. The adverse reactions of acupuncture combined with medicine were less than those of Western medicine alone.CONCLUSION In the treatment of RE， acupuncture combined with medicinal could obtain higher efficacy and lower recurrence while the efficacy of acupuncture alone is still unclear. Thus， there is an urgent need to standardize the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of RE and improve the quality of research. More high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed in the future to validate the effectiveness of acupuncture for RE.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Master Zou Yanqin's Experience on Treating Chronic Kidney Disease with the Academic Thought of "Harmonizing and Mild Therapeutic Method"
YI Lan, ZHOU En-chao, GAO Kun, ZHONG Yu, LI Hua-wei
2020, 36(4): 552-556.
[Abstract](586) [PDF 1131KB](484)
Abstract:
Harmonizing and mild therapeutic method was proposed by Fei Boxiong， a famous doctor in Qing dynasty， which was highly recognized by Menghe Medical School. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) master Zou Yanqin utilized "harmonizing and mild therapeutic method" in the treatment of chronic kidney diseases. Reinforcing healthy qi and dispelling pathogen was the general treatment principle. Regulating and harmonizing zang-fu organs， qi and blood and the function of acting as a pivot， along with the usage ofneutral and mild medicine from her clinical practice were the specific application of harmonizing method and reflected the therapeutic style and thoughts from Menghe Medical School.
Analysis on Traditional Chinese Medicine Master Liu Jiaxiang's Experience of Treating Lung Cancer with Regulating Spleen and Stomach
ZHANGWen-xi, LIULing-shuang, ZHUXin-yi
2020, 36(4): 556-559.
[Abstract](611) [PDF 1118KB](562)
Abstract:
Traditional Chinese Medicine Master Liu Jiaxiang proposed the theory of reinforcing healthy qi and treating cancer in 1970s and held deficiency of healthy qi as the cause of lung cancer, deficiency of spleen and stomach as the source of healthy qi deficiency and the damage of spleen and stomach as the complication of lung cancer. The paper summarized professor Liu's experience of treating lung cancer, including treatment based on syndrome differentiation and prescription method, which manifested his therapeutic orientation to treat lung cancer with regulating spleen and stomach.
Surface Modification Strategies of Extracellular Vesicles and Their Applications in Natural Products Delivery
SHAO Yu-rou, WANG Yu-tong, CHEN Zhi-peng
2020, 36(4): 561-566.
[Abstract](806) [PDF 1178KB](488)
Abstract:
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane vesicles secreted from cells， possessing advantages of nature， high stability and favorable biocompatibility. Recently， EVs have been widely employed as biomimetic nano carriers in drug delivery， and surface modification extends their application. Chinese herbal medicines have been used for disease treatment over thousands of years， however， poor solubility， low bioavailability and high cytotoxicity of some of active ingredients limits their therapeutic effects. Therefore， using EVs as carriers of active ingredients in Chinese medicines for drug delivery is an efficient approach to enhance their bioavailability as well as the corresponding therapeutic efficiency. In this review， we summarize different types of EVs and their respective production process， present the surface modification methods to obtain functional EVs， and introduce some of their applications in natural products delivery.
Discussion on Clinical Application of Bitter-Cold Medicine Based on Intestinal Flora
LUDong-xue, CHENBing-yu, LIUFeng, SUNZhi-guang, SHANGWen-bin, ZHAOJuan, YUXi-zhong, YANJing
2020, 36(4): 567-572.
[Abstract](712) [PDF 1170KB](511)
Abstract:
Bitter-cold medicine is commonly used in clinical practice and is widely used in internal medicine， surgery， gynecology， and pediatrics diseases. The homeostasis and imbalance of intestinal flora are the internal factors for curing and causing diseases. Previous researches on the clinical application of bitter-cold medicine have mostly focused on the basic research of gastrointestinal motility and hormones， No in-depth research and elaboration have been reported on the intestinal flora. From the microscopics of the structure proportion and distribution of intestinal flora， We expound the function restore of spleen and stomach by bitter-cold medicine， further prove the importance of intestinal flora in treating digestive diseases and provide more theoretical basis for clinical practices and basic experiments.

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