南京中医药大学学报

Methods of Relieving Exterior-interior Syndrome and Tetrad Therapy in Differentiating and Treating Influenza

ZHOU Zhong-ying, WU Mian-hua, YE Fang, ZHOU Xue-ping, GUO Li-zhong, LI Liu, FENG Zhe

2017, 33(1): 1-3.

[Abstract](1572) [PDF 982KB](1896)

Abstract:
The concept of relieving exterior-interior syndrome combined with diaphoretic， harmonizing， clearing and purgative method is put forward for the treatment of influenza， which can be divided into the common syndrome and deteriorated syndrome based on syndrome differentiation. This preliminary scheme provides new thoughts and methods for treating influenza from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine.

Application of Multi-index Comprehensive Evaluation Method to TCM Syndrome Classification of Hypertension

SHEN Chun-ti, WANG Zhong, CHEN Bing-wei, CHEN Qi-guang, ZHANG Hua-qiang, QIAN Liu-lan

2017, 33(1): 4-7.

[Abstract](1382) [PDF 1007KB](1372)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To obtain the scientific and objective syndrome and syndrome factors for hypertension and to evaluate the importance of corresponding indexes of each syndrome factors. METHODS Overabundant liver-fire syndrome was cited as the example to illustrate the syndrome factors of hypertension and the analysis and evaluation of its indexes. Multi-index comprehensive evaluation method was applied to evaluate the hypertension syndromes obtained under the structural equation model and through expert consultation， with importance of each indexes being analyzed. RESULTS 18 indexes were included in the hypertension of overabundant liver-fire syndrome. Among which， the importance of partial indexes like red tongue， yellow tongue coating， prone to lose temper， bitter sensation in the mouth， dizziness， hemianesthesia experienced changes based on comprehensive evaluation. Two syndrome factors were included in this syndrome. It was proved that the majority of index importance through comprehensive evaluation was almost the same as the previous study results， except for some small index changes like red tongue and wary pulse. CONCLUSION Multi-index comprehensive evaluation method can be used to analyze the statistical results of both clinical epidemiological investigation and expert experience， which not only avoids the disadvantages of pure statistical estimation， but also solves the problem of subjective bias induced by expert experience.

Nine Methods of WU Tang in Treating Infantile Malnutrition

HOU Jiang-hong

2017, 33(1): 8-10.

[Abstract](1292) [PDF 991KB](1695)

Abstract:
The experiences of WU Tang in treating infantile malnutrition are summarized as follows: soothing and tonifying middle energizer， ascending and descending stomach qi to raise the prolapsed spleen yang， nourishing stomach with slightly sweet flavor， harmonizing nutrient and defense qi to invigorate spleen yang， modifying diets， dispelling worms with bitter， cold and sour herbs; mildly transporting spleen yang and dispersing stomach qi. It is believed that the above nine methods for treating infantile malnutrition is put forward based on the infantile constitution of "spleen deficiency" and malnutrition pathological character of "deficient root with overdo superficial". The focus on spleen and stomach and comprehensive treatment will provide important guidance for infantile malnutrition.

XIAO Lian-yu, LI You-le, LIU Qian, ZHAO Yan-song

2017, 33(1): 11-13.

[Abstract](2106) [PDF 994KB](1976)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To compare the similarities and differences of YE Tianshi and XUE Shengbai in herb use for treating warm diseases caused by damp-heat pathogen as well as their medication characteristics. METHODS Based on the medical cases written by YE Tianshi and XUE Shengbai， we analyzed the similarities and differences of their herbal usage preferences， with the application of TCM inheritance assist platform， association rules and SymbolcA@ test. RESULTS Both of them tended to use poria， tangerine peel， officinal magnolia bark， almond， talc， rhizoma alismatis， pinellia ternata， coix seed， white atractylodes rhizome and rhizoma atractylodis， these top ten herbs for warm diseases due to damp-heat accumulation. Among which， YE Tianshi applied more often of almond， talc， rhizoma alismatis than XUE Shengbai， with significant differences(P<0.05). In terms of herb compatibility， they both had the habit of using the pairs of poria-tangerine peel-officinal magnolia bark. The differences lay in that the pairs of scutellaria baicalensis-coptis， agaric-rhizoma alismatis and talc-bamboo leaf-almond were mainly seen in YE Tianshi's prescriptions， while those pairs of almond-officinal magnolia bark-white round cardamom， tangerine peel-white atractylodes rhizome-poria and officinal magnolia bark-poria-tangerine peel-amomum tsaoko were preferred by XUE Shengbai. CONCLUSION Both Ye and Xue have followed the principles of eliminating dampness set in Internal Canon of Medicine. In addition， the commonly applied compatibility of Ye embodies the characteristics of treating damp-heat pathogen with bitter， cold and spicy herbs， whereas that of Xue demonstrates that damp-heat diseases are mainly induced by the disorder of yang-ming meridian and tai-yin meridian， with the treatment focusing on the middle energizer spleen and stomach.

Researches on MicroRNAs Expression Profiles in Lesions of Atopic Dermatitis Patients with Different Syndromes

WU Zhi-hong, SU Chuan-li, ZHONG Jiang, HUANG Tao, XU Zhang-jie, YUE Tian-tian

2017, 33(1): 14-18.

[Abstract](1312) [PDF 1863KB](1340)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between expression profiles of microRNAs and chemokines and Chinese medicine syndromes in the skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis. METHODS 79 patients of AD were divided into three groups(group of internal damp-heat accumulation， group of excessive dampness due to spleen deficiency and group of blood deficiency and wind-dryness) according to syndrome differentiation. The qPCR and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to detect the expression characteristics of five microRNAs and three chemokines related to skin inflammations in AD. Immunoregulation of these differential expressions were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Increased expression levels of miR21 and decreased expression levels of miR125b were seen in the group of internal damp-heat accumulation， which were significantly different from the normal control group and the group of blood deficiency and wind-dryness(P<0.01). At the same time the higher expression of TARC/CCL17 was noticed and the positive molecules were seen located in the basal layer of the epidermis and dermis. The expression of miR-155 was significantly higher than the other two groups and the normal control group in the group(P<0.01). The expression of miR203 decreased， but no statistically significant difference were noticed when compared to the other groups(P>0.05). The highest expression of CTACK/CCL27 molecules were seen scattered in the epidermis and dermis. In the group of blood deficiency and wind-dryness， miR-146 expression has been raised， with significant statistical difference from the other groups(P<0.01). RANTES/CCL5 expression increased， higher than the group of internal damp-heat accumulation（P<0.01）. The same change was seen for TARC/CCL17 expression. CONCLUSION The microRNA expression profiles differentially expressed in AD patients with different syndromes， leading to different inflammatory tissue damages. These findings reveal the pathogenesis molecular mechanisms of AD.

Influence of Niaoshi No.2 Formula on Urinary NAG， γ-GT， Serum β2-MG， NAG and CysC in Patients with Kidney Stone After ESWL Surgery

CHEN Bao-guo, QIU Li-ying, YANG Liu, HU Yu-jian, XIONG Ling-zhu, YANG Si-xia

2017, 33(1): 19-22.

[Abstract](1619) [PDF 1019KB](1248)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To explore the biological effects of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy(ESWL) on kidney damage as well as the preventive and therapeutic effects of Niaoshi No.2 Formula. METHODS 60 cases with kidney stone who received ESWL surgery were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the control group were given the routine treatment including giving large volume of water， resisting infection， removing urinary stone based on body position and dealing with the symptoms， while those in the treatment group were given Niaoshi No.2 Formula from three days before ESWL surgery to the seventh day after the surgery. Changes of urinary NAG， gamma-GT， serum beta2-MG， NAG and CysC were detected before ESWL and 24h， 72h， and 168h after operation in the two groups. RESULTES The contents of urinary NAG， γ-GT， serum β 2-MG， NAG and CysC obviously increased 24h after surgery when compared with the situations before(P<0.01); Urinary NAG and serum NAG in the treatment group were evidently lower than those of the control group 24h and 72h after ESWL surgery(P<0.05~0.01). Ureases of both groups were able to return to normal situation within 168 hours after surgery. CONCLUSION ESWL surgery can cause damage to kidney，which is reversible within a certain time and scope. Chinese medicine Niaoshi No.2 Formula has swift and good effects on kidney damage in patients after receiving ESWL surgery.

Influences of Gastrodin on CGRP， NO and ET1 Expression in Peripheral Blood of Migraine Patients

YANG Xiao-yan, SHI Guo-xian, ZENG Li, WANG Jian, JIANG Pan

2017, 33(1): 23-25.

[Abstract](1609) [PDF 996KB](1309)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of gastrodin in treating migraine and its influences on serum calcitonin gene related peptide(CGRP)， nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin1 (ET1) expression. METHODS 80 cases with migraine were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group. Patients in the treatment group were given routine treatment plus 10 mg flunarizine every night. While those in the control group were given the routine treatment plus one-time injection of 600mg gastrodin per day. The peripheral venous bloods of the above patients together with 35 healthy people were collected before and 10 days after treatment. ①VAS grade changes of both groups and also the curative rates were observed and evaluated. ②ELISA method was adopted to compare the serum CGRP， NO and ET1 expression of patients. RESULTS ①After treatment， the VAS grades of both groups were reduced and the treatment group was lower than the control group(P<0.05). Also the curative rate of the treatment group was notably higher than that of the control group(P<0.05); ②No evident differences of CGRP， NO and ET1 expression were noticed between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05)， while these expression were much higher than those of the healthy group(P<0.01); ③CGRP， NO and ET1 expressions of both groups were detected to have been declined on the tenth day after treatment(P<0.01)， and the treatment group was much lower than the control group(P<0.01). CONCLUSION Gastrodin is efficient in improving clinical symptoms of patients with migraine and reducing the expression of CGRP， NO and ET1 in the serum， which might be one of the mechanisms for its effective role in relieving migraine.

Clinical Research of Shuangxin Decoction on Coronary Heart Disease Accompanied with Psychological Disorder

NI Wei-bing, YAO Zu-pei, GE Fang-qing, ZHENG Xiao-dan, CAI Juan, PENG Jin-xiang, SU Hai-yan

2017, 33(1): 26-29.

[Abstract](1383) [PDF 1024KB](1340)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical effects of Shuangxin Decoction in treating coronary heart disease accompanied with psychological disorder. METHODS 80 cases with coronary heart disease manifested as chest pain， chest distress plus psychological disorders like depression and anxiety were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Patients in both groups were treated with routine western medicine plus psychological counseling. Based on which， patients in the treatment group were further given Chinese medicine Shuangxin Decoction， while those in the control group were added deanxit， with the course lasting for 6 weeks. Chest pain(distress) integral score scale， traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome score scale and comprehensive hospital anxiety and depression scale were evaluated to explore the therapeutic effects of chest pain， psychological disorder and clinical TCM syndromes before and after treatment of both groups， together with the changes of electrocardiogram test results and cardiac markers. RESULT Chest pain(distress) integral scores of treatment group were lower than those of control group(P<0.05)， with the total curative rate being 82.50%， notably higher than 52.5% of the control group(P<0.01). The anxiety and depression scores of both groups were evidently reduced after treatment(P<0.01). The comparison of the two groups was P>0.05. TCM syndrome scores of both groups were notably declined(P<0.01). The total curative rate was 75%， which was superior to 20% of the control group(P<0.01). Both electrocardiogram test results and cardiac markers in both groups experienced an evident improvement than before(P<0.05). The comparison of the two groups showed P>0.05. No abnormality was detected in blood， urine， stool or liver and kidney function test in patients of both groups. CONCLUSION Shuangxin Decoction can efficiently improve chest pain， chest distress symptoms as well as TCM clinical syndromes due to coronary heart disease accompanied with psychological disorder. Also， it is helpful for improving depression and anxiety， which has been considered as a safe and effective formula for treating these two disorders， worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Therapeutic Observation of Shashen Maidong Decoction in Treating Radiation Pneumonitis

MA Jun, YU Da-hai, HUANG Wei, ZHAO Di, ZHANG Bi-yun, WANG Yi-jun, LU Hong

2017, 33(1): 30-32.

[Abstract](1564) [PDF 992KB](1516)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical therapeutic effects of Shashen Maidong Decoction in treating radiation pneumonitis. METHODS 64 cases with thoracic radiotherapy who were to receive the intensity modulated radiation therapy were divided into treatment group and control group. In addition to the intensity modulated radiation therapy， patients in the treatment group were further given Shashen Maidong Decoction. Then the therapeutic effects of both groups were observed. RESULTS The occurrence rate of the treatment group was evidently lower than that of the control group(P<0.05); The treatment group experienced a higher and more stable quality of life than the control group， with better effective rate(P<0.05); The occurrence rate of Ⅲ to Ⅳ degree of bone marrow suppression in the treatment group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Shashen Maidong Decoction has good effects on radiation pneumonitis.

Purification， Structural Characterization and Immunomodulatory and Antitumor Activities of a Polysaccharide Isolated from Momordica Charantia L.

ZHANG Yi, WANG Wang, CAI Yin, WANG Min, GU Chun-yan, YANG Ye

2017, 33(1): 33-39.

[Abstract](1989) [PDF 1479KB](1604)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To isolate and purify an active polysaccharide of Momordica charantia L. and investigate its structural characterization and immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. METHODS A polysaccharides was isolated from Momordica charantia L. in hot water extraction followed by dialysis and purification through anion exchange cellulose chromatography and gel filtration chromatography， and its molecular weight was measured by high performance gel permeation chromatography. Additionally， Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to determine its partial structural characterization， and its immunomodulatory and antitumor activities were measured by cell and molecular biological techniques and pharmacological methods. RESULTS A heteropolysaccharide named MCP-2 with molecular weight of 745 kDa was isolated and purified， which was shown to be consisted of rhamnose， galacturonic acid， galactose， xylose， and arabinose with corresponding molar ratio being 1.19∶15.97∶3.40∶0.73∶0.94. Furthermore， MCP-2 was found to promote the lymphocyte proliferation of normal mice and to raise the levels of NO， IL-1β and TNF-α produced by macrophage RAW264.7. Intriguingly， MCP-2 presented the antitumor activity against S180 cells in vivo as well. CONCLUSION All experimental data showed that MCP-2 had apparent immunologic enhancement and antitumor activities.

Effect of Electroacupuncture Pretreatment at Different Time on Myocardial Ischemia Injury and Expression of HIF-1α

DING Ya-juan, LU Sheng-feng, CHEN Xia, PENG Yong-jun, ZHU Bing-mei

2017, 33(1): 40-43.

[Abstract](1287) [PDF 1296KB](1759)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of electroacupuncture pretreatment on myocardial ischemia injury at different time， and the correlation between the effect and the expression of HIF-1α. METHODS 54 Male SD rats were randomly divided into model group(MI)， electroacupuncture 1d group(EA-1d)， electroacupuncture 2d group(EA-2d)， electroacupuncture 3d group(EA-3d)， electroacupuncture 4d(EA-4d) and electroacupuncture 5d group(EA-5d). After pretreatment with electroacupuncture in rats with bilateral Neiguan points for 1，2，3，4，5d in each group， respectively， acute myocardial ischemia model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending(LAD) branch of coronary artery. ECG was detected， the heart was collected and the TTC staining was used to evaluate the effect difference after 24h. Western blot experiments were performed to detect the expression of HIF-1α protein. After finding the best point of time，sham operated group (Sham，n=3) and sham operation with EA group(Sham+EA，n=3) were established to investigate the expression of HIF-1α. RESULTS ECG results showed that compared with Sham group，the MI group ST-segment elevated after ligation of the LAD.After the ligation of 24h， a pathological Q wave appeared， which suggested that the model was successful. Compared with the MI group， the myocardial infarction area ratio and the expression of HIF-1α protein of EA-1d and EA-2d groups showed no difference(P>0.05).Compared with the MI group， the myocardial infarction area ratio of EA-3d， EA-4d and EA-5d groups significantly decreased(P<0.05)，and the expression of HIF-1α protein significantly increased(P<0.01)， but no difference was found among the 3 groups(P>0.05).The optimal electroacupuncture pretreatement time was 4d. Western blot results showed that the HIF-1α protein expression levels of MI group decreased compared with sham group(P<0.05).And the electroacupuncture pretreatment increased the expression of HIF-1α protein in MI group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Pretreament with electroacupuncture on Neiguan 3~5d can effectively reduce the area of myocardial infarction， and electroacupuncture pretreament for 4d was the best.The protective effect was closely related to the regulation of HIF-1α.

Research of Jiawei Kaixin San on Improving Learning and Memory Abilities of Multiple Neuronal Damage Induced Dementia Mice

SHI Yi-wei, CHEN Yun, LIU Meng-qiu, LIU Pei, SU Shu-lan, DUAN Jin-ao, QIAN Da-wei, ZHU Yue

2017, 33(1): 44-48.

[Abstract](1399) [PDF 1218KB](2035)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of Jiawei Kaixin San(JWKXS) on learning and memory abilities of multiple neuronal damage induced dementia mice and explore its mechanism. METHODS Dementia mice model was established via multiple neuronal damages， then the model mice were treated with water extracts， and water and ethanol combined extracts of JWKXS for 10d， while huperzine (0.05mg/kg) was applied as positive drug. The abilities of learning and memory were evaluated by behavioral tests， such as Morris water maze test and active avoidance test. In addition， cholinesterase(ChE) activities， superoxide dismutase(SOD) and protein expression levels of nerve growth factor(NGF) with its precursor in cerebral cortex of model mice were detected. RESULTS Behavioral tests showed JWKXS obviously shortened the incubation time of navigation and positioning， increased the times across platform and decreased swimming distances in Morris water maze test. In active avoidance test， the shuttle error numbers of model mice decreased with the treatment of JWKXS. In cerebral cortex， ChE activities were down-regulated while NGF levels were up-regulated. The effects of water and ethanol combined extract were better than the water extracts. CONCLUSION JWKXS can significantly improve the learning and memory ability of dementia mice induced by multiple neuronal damage. Its mechanism might be related to the inhibition of acetylcholine degradation and up-regulation of nerve factor expression.

The Effect and Mechanism of Renshen Pingfei Prescription in the Pulmonary Fibrosis Model Induced by Silica in Rats

XU Kang, XU Hui-qin, FAN Xin-sheng, FAN Yu-hao, SHENG Hong-sheng, DAI Guo-ying, WANG Peng-li

2017, 33(1): 49-53.

[Abstract](1427) [PDF 1549KB](1393)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To research the effect of Renshen Pingfei prescription in the pulmonary fibrosis model induced by Silica in rat and discuss the possible mechanism. METHODS SD rats were anesthetized and injected with silica dust suspension into trachea to establish pulmonary fibrosis model，then randomly divided into model group， prednisone group， Renshen Pingfei prescription 3.0，6.0，12.0g/kg dose group， and establish normal group. Every day on time， the intragastric administration were proceeded for 48 days and lung tissue of rats were weighed to calculate pulmonary coefficient. Evaluating the inflammation and fibrosis of pulmonary alveoli through HE and Masson HE staining.The content of hydroxyproline（HYP） in lung tissue was detected by assay kit.The level of TGF-β1， NF-κB， PDGF， TNF-α and IFN-γ in alveolar lavage fluid were detected using ELISA-kit and the protein expression level of TGF-β1， Samd2/3 and ERK1/2 in lung were detected through immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The kidney coefficient， the inflammation and fibrosis of pulmonary alveoli， the level of TGF-β1， NF-κB， PDGF， and TNF-α in alveolar lavage fluid the protein expression level of TGF-β1， Samd2/3 and ERK1/2 in lung were significantly decreased（P<0.05）in the pulmonary fibrosis model of rat after administration with Renshen Pingfei prescription， otherwise the level of IFN-γ in alveolar lavage fluid were significantly increased（P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Renshen Pingfei prescription has protective effect in pulmonary fibrosis and its mechanism may relate to TGF-β/Smad/ERK signal.

Effect of Tibetan Medicine Oxytropis Falcata on Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential and Expression of Apoptosis Related Proteins in SMMC-7721

CHEN Xiao-hong, CHENG Hai-qing, DENG Yi, YANG Guang-ming, PAN Yang

2017, 33(1): 54-58.

[Abstract](1166) [PDF 1172KB](1654)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of Oxytropis falcata on proliferation， mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of cytochrome C (Cyt C) and Caspase-3 proteins in SMMC-7721 cells. METHODS SMMC-7721 cells were treated with TFOF for 24h. Vitality of SMMC-7721 cells was tested by MTT assay. Flow cytometric measurement was used for investigating the effect of TFOF on induction of apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells and evaluating the effect on mitochondrial membrane potential in cells. Western blot was applied to investigate changes of Cyt C and Caspase-3 expression in cells. RESULTS The results showed that TFOF exhibited antiproliferative activity on SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that TFOF caused a dose-dependent apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells. After being treated with TFOF of 0.05， 0.075， 0.1g/L， mitochondrial membrane potential levels of SMMC-7721 cells were lower than control group significantly. Western blot showed that Cyt C and Caspase-3 expression of SMMC-7721 cells was up regulated after TFOF treatment (P<0.05~0.01). CONCLUSION The results suggest that O. falcata may be a pro-apoptotic agent for hepatic cancer cells through mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and via its modulation of Cyt C and Caspase-3 expression.

Mechanisms of Gualou Qumai Tang on p38MAPK Signaling Pathway in Rat Diabetic Nephropathy

HUI Xiao-dan, ZHU Hong, ZHANG Hao-yue, SUN Feng, ZHAO Bei

2017, 33(1): 59-64.

[Abstract](1725) [PDF 1617KB](1306)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To explore intervention of Gualou Qumai Tang(GLQM) in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy(DN) through P38MAPK signaling pathway methods. METHODS Except those in the normal group， SD rats of DN model were established by with unilateral nephrectomy and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ) induced production.Then rats were randomly divided into five groups: the model group， and the four treated groups treated with low dose of GLQM-L， medium dose of GLQM-M， high dose of GLQM-H， positive medicine (valsartan)， The treatments were given via gastrogavage every day starting from the 4th week of modeling， groups treated with high， medium and low dose of GLQM were given via gastrogavage to 5.6， 2.8， 1.4g/kg，positive drugs (valsartan) group were given via gastrogavage to 4.8×10g/kg， the normal group and model group were given 2.8g/kg distilled water， once a day for 12 weeks. we observed the sign of rats and the rat glomerular， renal tubular structure changes with the optical microscope. Then we observed the sign of rats and the expreion the basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)， Insulin-like Growth Factor(IGF)， Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1(MCP-1) changes in renal issues of rats by using ELISA. The protein expression of p-p38MPK， p-CREB， FN were immunohistochemically investigated. The mRNA expressions FN in renal tissue we examined using qPCR method. The protein expression of p-p38MPK， p-CREB， FN in renal tissue we also examined using Western Blot method. RESULTS The pathologic changes of the renal tissue apparented in the model group. The bFGF， IGF， MCP-1 in renal tissues of rats with model were higher than the nomal group， there were significant difference among the model group and the norml group(P<0.01). The bFGF， IGF， MCP-1 in renal tissues of rats with GLQM and valsartan were lower than the model group， there were significant difference among them(P<0.05~0.01). The protein expression of p-p38MAPK， p-CREB， FN in renal tissues with model were higher than the normal group(P<0.05~0.01). The mRNA expression of FN in renal tissues of rats with GLQM were lower than the model group(P<0.05~0.01); the protein expression of p-p38MAPK， p-CREB， FN in renal tissue of rats with GLQM were lower than the model group(P<0.05~0.01). CONCLUSION GLQM can reatrain the activation of p38MAPK signaling pathway and be effective in repair and regeneration of the damaged tissue， it is also slow down the process of DN.

Liuwei Dihuang Pills Attenuates Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting Macrophage Activation in CCl₄ Induced Liver Injury

WANG Xue-min, CUI Ya-qin, WANG Jing, SHI Bing-ye, LI Xin-ju

2017, 33(1): 65-68.

[Abstract](1516) [PDF 1331KB](1743)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To observe the inhibitory effects of Liuwei Dihuang Pills(LWDHP) on macrophages activation in CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in mice. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were induced liver fibrosis by CCl₄ exposure and administered with LWDHP for 6 weeks simultaneously. Liver tissue was investigated by HE and Sirius red staining. α-SMA was analyzed by immunofluorescence， qPCR and Western blot. Liver macrophages were observed by immunohistochemistry of CD68. The pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine such as TNF-α， IL-1β， CXCR3 and MCP1 were detected by qPCR or Western blot analysis. RESULTS After 6 weeks of CCl₄ administration， the expression of α-SMA significantly increased， and LWDHP potently inhibited the α-SMA expression. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of CD68 was very weak in normal group， CD68 was distributed mainly between fibrotic septa with strong positive expression in CCl₄ model group; Real-time quantitative PCR showed that TNF-α， IL-1β， MCP1 and CXCR3 expression significantly increased in model group compared with normal group. Compared with the model group， LWDHP significantly reduced the expression of CD68， inflammatory factors and chemotactic factors. CONCLUSION LWDHP shows a potent inhibition of macrophage activation in CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis.

Study on Apoptosis Mechanism of Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines HCT-116 Induced by Solasodine

ZHUANG Yu-wen, ZHOU Jin-yong, WU Jian, LIU Shen-lin

2017, 33(1): 69-73.

[Abstract](1527) [PDF 1408KB](1387)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of Solasodine on the apoptosis of human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 and the expression of associated genes，and to investigate the mechnism of the inhibition of HCT-116 cells proliferation. METHODS After treatment， the inhibitory effect of HCT-116 cell proliferation was determined by Real time non-label cell analyzer. Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell apoptosis. The qPCR method was used to determine the mRNA levels of Bax and Survivin. Protein levels of Bcl-2， Bax， Bcl-xl， Caspase-3， Caspase-8， Caspase-9， PARP， PI3K and Akt were determined by Western blot . RESULTS Real time non-label cell analysis result showed that Solasodine inhibited the growth of HCT-116 in vitro， and the potency enhanced with the increase of drug dose and treat time. Flow cytometry found that the cell apoptosis increased with the increase of drug concentration. The qPCR showed that the mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes Bax and Survivin changed. Western blot results revealed that Bax protein levels increased， while Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl protein levels decreased， and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was also increased. It showed that Solasodine also promoted the Caspase-3， Caspase-8， Caspase-9 and PARP activities， and inhibited the activation of PI3K and Akt . CONCLUSION Solasodine can inhibit HCT-116 cells proliferation and induce the cell apoptosis via blocking PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and regulating Caspase family， the Bcl-2 family， and the expression of Survivin and PARP. It can regulate these two apoptotic pathways， mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway.

Protective Effects of Ligusticum Wallichii Extract on Cerebral Ischemia and the Correlation Study with NF-κB Pathway

YU Ru-yun, GUO Yi, LIN Li-li

2017, 33(1): 74-77.

[Abstract](1202) [PDF 1521KB](1488)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To study the protective effects of Ligusticum Wallichii extract on cerebral ischemia and the mechanism. METHODS Male SD rats were divided into control group， model group and Ligusticum Wallichii extract (100mg/kg) group.The rats in the treatment groups were administered once daily for 4 weeks. Middle cerebral artery occlusion method was used for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. After the model establishment，the neurological function scores were observed，the infarct size was measured by TTC staining， and the apoptosis rate of OGD glial cells by flow cytometry instrument， the activated NF-κB signaling pathway was measured Pathway Finder Array screening， the translocation of NF-κB p65 was measured by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Compared with the model group，Ligusticum Wallichii could significantly decrease the cerebral infarct size and the apoptosis rate of OGD glial cells Pathway Finder Array detection of NF -κB signaling pathways are activated in the normal saline group. Immunofluorescence test again important regulatory factors pP65 NF-κB signal is activated in the saline group into the nucleus. CONCLUSION The protection of extract from Ligusticum Wallichii on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was related to NF-κB pathway.

The Effects of Raddeanin A on Human Gastric Cancer BGC-823 Cell Cycle and STAT3 Signaling Pathway

XUE Gang, ZOU Xi, ZHOU Jin-yong, WANG Rui-ping

2017, 33(1): 78-81.

[Abstract](1353) [PDF 1197KB](1351)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Raddeanin A（RA） on cell cycle and STAT3 signaling pathway in human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823. METHODS Effects of different concentrations of RA on proliferation of BGC-823 cell line were investigated with MTT assay; flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle inhibition; wounding heal assay was used to measure the influence of migration ability of RA on BGC-823 cell; the effect of STAT3 signaling pathway of RA on BGC-823 cell was measured by Western blot. RESULTS After the BGC-823 cells were treated by RA for 12， 24， 48h， compared with control group， RA significantly inhibited the proliferation of BGC-823 cell (P<0.01). The inhibitive effects presented a dose and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry demonstrated that RA blocked the cell cycle in S phase; wounding heal assay revealed that RA inhibited the migration of BGC-823 cell. Western blot results showed that RA down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3). CONCLUSION RA can effectively inhibit the proliferation of BGC-823 cell， block its cell cycle in S phase and inhibit the expression of p-STAT3.

Preparation and Characterization of WGA-conjugated EGCG-gelatin-chitosan Nanoparticles and its Anti-tumor Activity

CHEN Ting, LI Guo-yuan, BI Chun-yang, LI Jun-song, QIAO Hong-zhi

2017, 33(1): 82-86.

[Abstract](1277) [PDF 2269KB](1448)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To preparation wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-conjugated EGCG-gelatin-chitosan nanoparticles， and evaluate its anti-tumor activity in vitro． METHODS EGCG-Gel-Cs nanoparticles were fabricated based on an electrostatic bonding between gelatin and chitosan. The formulation variables were optimized by Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM) of encapsulation efficiency (Y， %) as dependent variable. The surface of nanoparticles was then modified by glutaraldehyde-activated WGA to obtain WGA-EGCG-Gel-Cs nanoparticles. The differential scanning calorimetry was used to analyze its material phase of the drug in nanoparticles. Cell toxicity and apoptosis were employed to evaluate the anti-tumor activities. RESULTS The optimal formula was as follows: the mass ratio of Gel and Cs was 4.2， Gel and EGCG was 2.82 and the temperature was 34℃. The encapsulation efficiency of EGCG-Gel-Cs nanoparticles was (74.42±0.074)% with the particle size (264.13±6.48) nm. After modifying， the particle size increased to (389.70±9.00) nm. Simultaneously， cytotoxicity and apoptosis of WGA-EGCG-Gel-Cs nanoparticles was significantly higher than that of free EGCG. CONCLUSION Prepared WGA-EGCG-Gel-Cs nanoparticles can significantly enhance tumor cell toxicity and apoptosis of EGCG.

Comparative Study on Active Components of Honeysuckle and Its Doped Leaves From Different Producing Areas

HAN Yun, GU Wei, SHEN Xi-kun, JIANG Ling, SANG Xiao-hua, LIU Qing-zhi

2017, 33(1): 87-92.

[Abstract](1620) [PDF 1482KB](1327)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To comprehensive and systematic study the effective components of different stubbles in honeysuckle and doped leaves from the main cultivars of the main producing areas， and to provide reference for procurement of high quality and low price and for comprehensive utilization of resources. METHODS Collect 92 samples of honeysuckle and doped leaves， which from 5 cultivars of the three main producing areas of Shandong， Henan and Hebei.Mensurate the content of the index components in the sample and the high performance liquid chromatographic fingerprint. RESULTS There were differences in the contents of the index components of different stubble. The highest content of the first crop， the lowest of the two. The two crop luteolin content is lower than the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The content of chlorogenic acid in the first crop was the highest in the Damaohua， and in four crop was the highest in the Juhuayihao. HPLC fingerprint similarity of honeysuckle was more than 0.9. The content of the index components of the doped leaves was higher than that of the honeysuckle. The HPLC fingerprint similarity of the doped leaves and of the honeysuckle was between 0.815~0.892. CONCLUSION The first and four stubble quality is higher in three main producing areas of five varieties of honeysuckle. Damaohua’s quality is excellent in the first stubble， and Juhuayihao's quality is excellent in the four stubble. Chemical composition between doped leaves and honeysuckle are different. The index component content of doped leaves is higher than honeysuckle. This study provided the scientific basis for the quality evaluation of honeysuckle， and the development and utilization of the doped leaves.

Analysis of the Main Components in Herbal Pair: Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae by UFLC-Q-TOF/MS

QI Xiao-xia, DONG Yu, SHAN Chen-xiao, XIANG Yang-yang, WANG Xin-dong

2017, 33(1): 93-96.

[Abstract](1494) [PDF 3548KB](1545)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To identify the main chemical components in herbal pair:Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae by UFLC-Q-TOF/MS. METHODS Thermo BDS C₁₈ (3μm，150mm×2.1mm) column was employed for the separation with acetonetrile-water (0.1% formic acid) as mobile phase using a gradient elution program. The flow rate was set as 0.3mL/min， the temperature of column was 40℃ with injection volume of 5μL. Electrospray ionization (ESI)-Q-TOF/MS in negative ion mode was performed to obtain the MS spectra with full mass scan m/z ranged from 100 to 1500. Chemicals were identified based on the retention time， high-resolution mass information， MS/MS fragmentation behaviors and standards. RESULTS 28 components were identified or tentatively characterized in herbal pair:Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae， including 15 components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae， 11 compounds in Astragali Radix， and 2 unknown compounds. And these chemicals could be classified as triterpenes， organic acids， flavonoids and quinines. CONCLUSION This method can rapidly and accurately identify the main compounds in herbal pair:Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae， which can help us for the quality control and further phytochemical studies of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae. in traditional Chinese medicine.

Influences of Acupuncturing Governor Vessel on Reflux Symptom and Psychological States in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

ZHAO Qian-qian, BAI Xing-hua

2017, 33(1): 97-100.

[Abstract](1385) [PDF 1025KB](1820)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncturing governor vessel for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease by observing patients' reflux symptoms and psychological states. METHODS 60 cases with gastroesophageal reflux disease were randomly chosen and then divided into the acupuncture group and western medicine group based on the visiting sequence， with 30 cases in each group. Acupunctures were given to patients in the acupuncture group on back below the spinous processes of T3 to T12(both meridian acupoints and non-meridian acupoints included) on Tuesday， Thursday and Saturday， three times per week， for eight weeks in total. Patients in the western medicine group took omeprazole capsules orally. In addition， they also took one tablet of deanxit per time. Reflux diagnostic questionnaire scores， scores of self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale of both groups were observed. RESULTS All of these scores in the two groups were much improved than before(P<0.01). After treatment， the scores of the acupuncture group were evidently lower than those of the western medicine group(P<0.05). The markedly effective rate of the acupuncture group was 66.67% (20/30)， which was much higher than 40% (12/30) of the western medicine group， with significant differences when compared with each other(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Both treatment methods are effective， while needling along Du meridian from T3 to T12 segments is more superior in improving the reflux symptoms and psychological states.

Clinical Research of Yiqi Yangyin Tongluo Formula in Treatment of Early Diabetic Nephropathy

YU Ru-cui, LU Zhi-hui, LI Ping

2017, 33(1): 101-103.

[Abstract](1270) [PDF 999KB](1347)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To observe therapeutic effects of Yiqi Yangyin Tongluo Formula in treating early diabetic nephropathy， so as to provide a safe and effective method for clinical treatment of early diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Eighty early DN patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group(42 cases) who treated by Yiqi Yangyin Tongluo Formula combined with conventional treatment and the control group(38 cases) treated by conventional treatment. The urine microalbumin， 24-hour urinary protein quantity， fasting blood glucose， glycosylated hemoglobin urine， β2 microglobulin and clinical effective rate of both groups were observed. RESULTS The effective rate was 68.42% in the control group and 85.71% in the treatment group with statistical differences when compared with each other(P<0.05). There experienced an evident decrease in urine microalbumin， 24-hour urinary protein quantity and β2 microglobulin after treatment of the two groups(P<0.05~0.01). And the treatment group was superior to the control group(P<0.05~0.01). CONCLUSION Yiqi Yangyin Tongluo Formula has obvious therapeutic effects on early diabetic nephropathy by improving sugar metabolism， kidney function and prolong its progress.

Study on Comprehensive Extraction Technology of Polyprenols and Flavonoids From Dregs of Ginkgo Folium After Water Extracting

YAN Jing-yang, JIANG Shu, LIU Pei, ZHU Ying, LI Hui-wei, DUAN Jin-ao

2017, 33(1): 104-108.

[Abstract](1415) [PDF 1023KB](1455)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE Taking dregs of Ginkgo Folium from ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine injection production process as material， to optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids and polyprenols. METHODS The L₉ (3) orthogonal test method was carried out to investigate the effects of pre-leaching time， extraction time， extraction temperature and particle sieving on the effect of polypentenols extract by petroleum ether. Ethanol concentration， solid-liquid ratio， extraction time and extraction time on the extraction efficiency of total flavonoids were also investigated. The optimal comprehensive extraction process of polyprenols and total flavonoids in the dregs of Ginkgo Folium was chosen. RESULTS The dregs of Ginkgo Folium was crushed and sieved through 50 mesh， then soaked in petoleum ether for 0.5h， extracted by reflux at 40℃ for 1h twice. The filtrates were combined and concentrated without ether flavor to be polypentenols extract. The dregs after petroleum ether treatment were dried. 20 times of 95% ethanol were added and extracted by reflux for 0.5h twice. The filtrates were combined and dried to be dry extract as total flavonoids extract. CONCLUSION The method was simple and easy for the extraction of polyprenols and total flavonoids from dregs of Ginkgo Folium after water extracting， which provides a reference for the utilization efficiency and industrial production.

The Effect of Danggui Sini Decoction on TRPs Channel in the DRG of the OXIN Rats

DINGRong, WANGYue, LUWu-guang, WEIGuo-li, GUZhan-cheng, HUOJie-ge

2017, 33(1): 189-193.

[Abstract](499) [PDF 1244KB](515)

Abstract:
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Danggui Sini Decoction on TRPs channels in the dorsal root ganglia of the oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxic rats. METHODS A rat model of chronic neurotoxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of oxaliplatin. 60 rats were divided into blank group， model group， and Danggui Sini Decoction high， medium and low dose groups. The neurotoxicity of oxaliplatin was detected by rat pain behavior and mechanical pain threshold. The mRNA and protein expression levels change of TRPs (TRPV1， TRPA1， TRPM8) in rat dorsal root ganglion were further observed by RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Compared with the blank group， the model group， the low- and medium-dose group of Danggui Sini Decoction showed a significant decrease in the mechanical pain threshold (P<0.05)， while the high-dose group did not show a significant decrease. Compared with the blank group， the expression of TRPA1， TRPM8 and TRPV1 protein in dorsal root ganglion of each group increased with oxaliplatin (P<0.01). Compared with the model group， the low dose group of Danggui Sini Decoction reduced TRPM8 protein expression (P<0.05)， and the middle dose group decreased TRPA1 (P<0.01)， TRPM8 (P<0.01)， TRPV1 (P<0.05) while high dose group can significantly reduce the expression of TRPs (TRPV1， TRPA1， TRPM8) (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group， the expression of TRPV1， TRPA1 and TRPM8 mRNA in the dorsal root ganglion of the rats in each group were significantly increased after application of oxaliplatin(P<0.01). Compared with the model group， each group could be significantly down-regulated after applying the Danggui decoction. Expression (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Danggui Sini Decoction can prevent the chronic neurotoxicity of oxaliplatin and slow down the decline of mechanical pain threshold in rats. The mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of TRP channel protein expression.

2017 Vol. 33, No. 1

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