Study on the Medicinal Value and Resource Evaluation of Jiangsu Genuine Medicinal Materials Binhai Baishouwu
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摘要: 系统梳理并研究江苏道地药材滨海白首乌的本草考证、功效及其物质基础、质量评价等, 评估其资源分布、蕴藏量、开发利用等现状。滨海白首乌为萝藦科鹅绒藤属植物耳叶牛皮消, 是本草记载中白首乌药材的主要基原之一, 具补肝肾、强筋骨、益精血、乌须发等功效, 现代药理学研究结果表明其具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节、保肝等作用。江苏、山东等23个省均有耳叶牛皮消资源分布, 江苏、湖北、湖南、贵州、四川、重庆、安徽等省市将其收录中药材标准, 但其药用价值开发利用进程缓慢, 滨海白首乌产业基础稳定, 发展势头强劲, 在规范化种植、政产学研深度融合等方面有很大的提升空间, 研究结果为滨海白首乌产业提质增效和进一步开发利用奠定基础。Abstract: This paper systematically combed and studied the herb textual research, efficacy and its material basis, and quality evaluation of Jiangsu genuine medicinal materials Binhai Baishouwu. Resource distribution, reserve, development and utilization status were also evaluated through literature review and field investigation. Binhai Baishouwu, scientifically named as Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight, is one of the species of the genus Cynanchum L. from the Asclepiadaceae family. It is one of the originals of Cynanchi Radix in herbal records with the functions of tonifying the liver and kidney, strengthening muscles and bones, nourishing blood and black hair, etc. Modern pharmacological studies show that it has the functions of anti-tumor, immune regulation and liver protection. C.auriculatum Royle ex Wight is distributed in 23 provinces, including Jiangsu and Shandong, and has been included in the standards for Chinese herbal medicine in provinces and cities such as Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Anhui, etc. The development and utilization process of its medicinal value is slow. Binhai Baishouwu has a stable industrial foundation and a strong momentum of development, which has great room for improvement in standardized planting and deep integration of government, industry, university and research. These results laid the foundation for the further development and utilization of its industry.
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Key words:
- genuine medicinal materials /
- Binhai Baishouwu /
- medicinal value /
- resource evaluation
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图 1 不同本草中所附白首乌图
Figure 1. Pictures of Cynanchum Auriculatum in different herbal records
表 1 现代文献中对白首乌的功效主治记载
Table 1. Efficacy and indications records of Cynanchum Auriculatum in modern literature
本草名称 功效 主治 出版时间 参考文献 《中药志》 补肝肾，益精血，强筋骨，止心痛，健脾益气 用于肝肾阴虚所致的头昏眼花，失眠健忘，须发早白，腰膝酸软，筋骨不健，胸闷心痛以及消化不良等症 1982年 [18] 《新华本草纲要》 补肝肾，益精血，强筋骨，止心痛，健脾益气 用于治肝肾阴虚的头昏眼花，失眠健忘，须发早白，腰膝酸软，筋骨不健，胸闷心痛以及胃和十二指肠溃疡，消化不良，肾炎和小儿高烧等症 1990年 [26] 《全国中草药汇编》 补肝肾，益精血，强筋骨，止心痛, 兼健脾益气 治肝肾阴虚的头昏眼花，失眠健忘，须发早白，腰膝酸软，筋骨不健，胸闷心痛及胃和十二指肠溃疡，消化不良，肾炎和小儿高烧等症 1996年 [27] 《中华本草》 补肝肾，强筋骨，益精血，健脾消食，解毒疗疮 主治腰膝酸痛, 阳痿遗精, 头晕耳鸣, 心悸失眠, 食欲不振, 小儿疳积, 产后乳汁稀少, 疮痈肿痛, 毒蛇咬伤 1999年 [19] 《中草药与民族药药材图谱》 养阴补虚, 健脾消食 用于虚损劳伤, 疳积, 胃痛饱胀, 白带, 疮癣等 2005年 [28] 《中药大辞典》 补肝肾，强筋骨，益精血，健脾消食，解毒疗疮 主治腰膝酸痛, 阳痿遗精, 头晕耳鸣, 须发早白, 心悸失眠, 食欲不振, 小儿疳积, 产后乳汁稀少, 疮痈肿痛, 毒蛇咬伤 2014年 [20] 
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表 2 白首乌3种基原植物分布情况
Table 2. Distribution of three original plants of Cynanchi Radix
地区 耳叶牛皮消 戟叶牛皮消 隔山牛皮消 山东 √ √ √ 河南 √ √ √ 甘肃 √ √ √ 陕西 √ √ √ 四川 √ √ √ 西藏 √ √ √ 云南 √ √ √ 山西 √ √ √ 辽宁 √ √ 江苏 √ √ 安徽 √ √ 湖南 √ √ 湖北 √ √ 新疆 √ √ 河北 √ √ 宁夏 √ √ 浙江 √ 福建 √ 台湾 √ 江西 √ 广东 √ 广西 √ 贵州 √ 重庆 √ 内蒙古 √ 黑龙江 √ 吉林 √
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