Abstract: OBJECTIVE  To identify the main chemical components in herbal pair:Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae by UFLC-Q-TOF/MS. METHODS Thermo BDS C₁₈ (3μm，150mm×2.1mm) column was employed for the separation with acetonetrile-water (0.1% formic acid) as mobile phase using a gradient elution program. The flow rate was set as 0.3mL/min， the temperature of column was 40℃ with injection volume of 5μL. Electrospray ionization (ESI)-Q-TOF/MS in negative ion mode was performed to obtain the MS spectra with full mass scan m/z ranged from 100 to 1500. Chemicals were identified based on the retention time， high-resolution mass information， MS/MS fragmentation behaviors and standards. RESULTS 28 components were identified or tentatively characterized in herbal pair:Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae， including 15 components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae， 11 compounds in Astragali Radix， and 2 unknown compounds. And these chemicals could be classified as triterpenes， organic acids， flavonoids and quinines. CONCLUSION This method can rapidly and accurately identify the main compounds in herbal pair:Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae， which can help us for the quality control and further phytochemical studies of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae. in traditional Chinese medicine.