Abstract: Collateral can move qi and blood and link viscera and organs， which can be divided into qi collateral and blood collateral. Only lung collateral and airway function normally， the function of lung， such as dominating qi， controlling breath， linking with all the vessels， governing regulation of the waterways and management and regulation， can be normally maintained. Patients with cold， consumptive lung disease， suppurative lung infections or pulmonary retention can be diagnosed with lesion of lung collateral. Its main pathogenesis was deficiency of collateral， stagnation of collateral， shortness and fastness of collateral， stasis of collateral due to noxious heat， injury of lung collateral and masses obstruction of collaterals. Lesion of lung collateral usually originated from lesion of qi collateral， gradually transferring into blood collateral， along with lesion of airway， like stasis， stagnation， shortness and fastness. Lianhua Qingsheng capsule and Yangzheng Xiaoji capsule prepared on the basis of collateral disease theory have significant effect on treating lung collateral lesion. This paper have introduced the function， pathogenesis， common lesion of qi collateral and blood collateral of lung.